Very little is known about the capacity of soil chytrids to withstand freezing in the field. Tolerance to freezing was tested in 21 chytrids isolated from cropping and undisturbed soils in temperate Australia. Samples of thalli grown on peptone-yeast-glucose (PYG) agar were incubated for seven days at -15 degrees C. Recovery of growth after thawing and transferring to fresh medium at 20 degrees...

Considerable evidence suggests that the lateral (LA) and basal (BA) nuclei of the amygdala are sites of plasticity and storage of emotional memory. Recent arguments, however, have seriously challenged this view, suggesting that the effects of amygdala lesions are attributable to interference with performance of fear behavior and not learning and memory. One way to address this controversy is to...

Spring frost is a major limiting factor in the production and cultivation of apricot kernels, an ecological economic dry-fruit tree China. The frequent occurrence spring often coincides with blooming period resulting significant damage to floral organs reductions yield. We investigated molecular signature pistils from two kernel cultivars different frost-resistance levels using transcriptome da...

INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait also experience sudden motor blocks (freezing) during other repetitive motor tasks. We assessed the proportion of patients with advanced PD and freezing of gait who also displayed segmental "freezing" in tapping tasks. METHODS Fifteen Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait were assessed. Freezing of gait was evaluated...

During the work, 24774 individual milk samples for Ayrshire cows (Karelia, Russia) with an annual yield of over 8.300 kg were tested (1.355 cows) every month last three years. The urea content averaged 32.19 mg% a daily 25.5 kg. In at age first two lactations, was higher than adult animals. in increased from 31.46 to 33.56% increasing yield. summer and early autumn, concentration lower spring w...

The construction of complex objects, such as an aircraft, requires the creation of a dedicated industrial system. By industrial system, we mean all the material and immaterial means used to build the object (labor, machines, factories, etc.). Classically, this means of production is defined after that the design of the product. In other words, the specifications of the product are the requireme...

Low temperature induced physiological changes that increased the ability of second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne hapla to survive external freezing. Second-stage juveniles in polyethylene glycol solution were exposed to -4 , 0, 4, or 24 C, and then their survival was determined after ice-induced freezing of the suspensions at - 4 C for 24 hours. Survival was greatest for juveniles exposed to 4...

[1] Despite its atmospheric importance, homogeneous freezing of aqueous drops is poorly understood. Here we provide evidence that at atmospheric pressures the conditions leading to the initiation of freezing in pure water are those for which the liquid compressibility and the corresponding density fluctuations reach maxima. This liquid-only criterion for the onset of freezing contrasts with the...

Spring dead spot (SDS) is a major disease that affects bermudagrass in the United States and worldwide. Within the United States, the disease is most prevalent in the northern range of bermudagrass adaptation. Oklahoma State University and Kansas State University researchers are focusing their efforts on gaining a better understanding of the way bermudagrass is infected, with the ultimate goal ...

Globally, C4 plants dominate hot, open environments, but this general pattern is underpinned by important differences in the biogeography of C4 lineages. In particular, the species richness of C4 Poaceae (grasses) increases strongly with increasing temperature, whereas that of the major C4 eudicot group Chenopodiaceae correlates positively with aridity. Freezing tolerance is a crucial determina...