δ18O measurements in precipitation and stream waters were used to investigate hydrological flow paths and residence times at nested spatial scales in the mesoscale (233 km2) River Feugh catchment in the northeast of Scotland over the 2001–2002 hydrological year. Precipitation δ18O exhibited strong seasonal variation, which although significantly damped within the catchment, was reflected in str...

geophysical fluids such as atmosphere and ocean often have stable density stratification; hence internal gravity waves are generated and propagated through them which are important in momentum and energy transfer in these media. these waves are also believed to generate layered structures in such media. recently there have been numerous theoretical, experimental and numerical studies on the way...

This paper considers a scheduling problem with uncertain processing times and machine breakdowns in industriall/office workplaces and solves it via a novel robust optimization method. In the traditional robust optimization, the solution robustness is maintained only for a specific set of scenarios, which may worsen the situation  for new scenarios. Thus, a two-stage predictive algorithm is prop...

Catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) has recently received particular attention because it is one of the most attractive technologies for the production of syngas and hydrogen in small to medium scales. Current study subjected to partial oxidation reforming which have simultaneously studied the effect of the fuel composition and flow rates of methane-oxygen mixed gas on the SOFCs performances. In...

We experimentally studied the air–water pressure drop characteristics with inner diameters of 20 mm under stable and transverse vibration conditions in horizontal circular channel. experimented status gas-phase conversion flow velocity Jg at 0.1–20 m/s, liquid-phase Jw 0.1–3.0 m/s. In this paper, we discuss effect velocity, amplitude, frequency on drops. With increasing performance drops become...

Tumor vasculature is a promising therapeutic target in glioblastoma. Imaging tumor blood flow may help assess the efficacy of anti-angiogenic treatments. We determined the clinical usefulness of stable xenon CT performed preoperatively in patients with glioblastoma. This is a prospective cohort study. We determined absolute tumor blood flow before surgery in 38 patients with glioblastoma using ...

BACKGROUND Sevoflurane is degraded to compound A (CpA) by carbon dioxide absorbents containing strong base. CpA is nephrotoxic in rats. Patient exposure to CpA is increased with low fresh gas flow rates, use of Baralyme, and high sevoflurane concentrations. CpA formation during low-flow and closed circuit sevoflurane anesthesia had no significant renal effects in surgical patients with normal r...

Neutron activation is an accurate analytic method in which trace quantities of isotopes of interest in a sample are activated and the emitted radiation is measured with high-resolution detection equipment. This study demonstrates the application of neutron activation for the measurement of myocardial perfusion using stable isotopically labeled microspheres. Stable labeled and standard radiolabe...

We consider the problem of nonlinear steady convective flow in a horizontal dendrite layer during alloy solidification. We analyze the effect of permeability of the layer on the stationary modes of convection in the form of two-dimensional rolls and threedimensional patterns. Under a near-eutectic approximation and the limit of large far-field temperature, we determine the twoand three-dimensio...

The development of the boundary layer along a long thin cylinder aligned with the flow is considered. Numerical solutions are presented and compared with previous asymptotic results. Very near the leading edge the flow is given by the Blasius solution for a flat plate. However, there is soon a significant deviation from Blasius flow, with a thinner boundary layer and higher wall shear stress. L...