In recent years, a number of large-scale writing assessments (e.g., TOEFL iBT) have employed integrated writing tests to measure test takers’ academic writing ability. Using a quantitative method, the current study examined how written textual features and use of source material(s) varied across two types of text-based integrated writing tasks (i.e., listening-to-write vs. reading-to-write) and...

Alternative assessment approaches and, among them, self-assessment and peer-assessment are becoming increasingly important in educational contexts. Designed to compare self-assessment, peer-assessment, and teacher-assessment, this study included 90 EFL students from 3 intact classes divided into 3 groups: self-assessment, peer-assessment, and teacher-assessment. After taking the TOEFL Proficien...

Studying perceptions of stakeholders and beneficiaries is important in framing the system improving outcome. This study sought to appraise graduates TVET school managers vis-à-vis Industrial-Based Training (IBT) use schools Rwanda. A mixed method was used, data were collected from both managers. Research instruments questionnaire surveys follow-up in-depth interviews. Findings revealed that 83....

Climate change, population growth, and environmental pressures, pose challenges for water resource management. Many countries, like the UK, are projected to experience regional variation in risk of droughts. One solution is use inter-basin transfer (IBT) schemes move from where it abundant scarce. But what first steps studying feasibility such as a solution? How can we ensure an IBT brings more...

The antecedents and implications of shopping are relevant to impulsive compulsive buying behaviour, because both tendencies can be harmful an individual’s well-being, ill-being, for society as regards overconsumption sustainability. Most studies investigating either or have used different definitions operationalisations the two constructs. It is unclear whether parts ill-being. This study defin...

We investigated the role of large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels for the basal renal vascular tone in vivo. Furthermore, the possible buffering by BK(Ca) of the vasoconstriction elicited by angiotensin II (ANG II) or norepinephrine (NE) was investigated. The possible activation of renal vascular BK(Ca) channels by cAMP was investigated by infusing forskolin. Renal blood flo...

summary writing is associated with lots of cognitive and metacognitive complexities that necessitates instruction (hirvela & du, 2013). contrary to majority of studies carried out on summarization instruction, the present study addressed the underlying processes or microgenetic developments of the iranian efl learners’ summary writing. to this end, 41 male and female undergraduate students ...

Summary writing is associated with lots of cognitive and metacognitive complexities that necessitates instruction (Hirvela & Du, 2013). Contrary to majority of studies carried out on summarization instruction, the present study addressed the underlying processes or microgenetic developments of the Iranian EFL learners’ summary writing. To this end, 41 male and female undergraduate students rece...

The study examined language learning anxiety factors, hindering EFL learners’ process of learning, particularly in speaking settings and recommended useful approaches to cope with it. Using the quantitative approach as well as a qualitative semi-structured interview and focus-group discussion method, this study tried to examine the factors behind language anxiety among Iranian language learners...