For the last decade, there has been growing interest in the STEAM approach (essentially combining methods and practices in arts, humanities and social sciences into STEM teaching and research) with its potential to deliver better research and education, and to enable us to produce students who can work more effectively in the current and developing marketplace. However, despite this interest, t...

Natural dry steam zones (vapour only) are relatively rare; most geothermal systems contain both liquid and vapour and typically follow a boiling point-depth (BPD) relationship. The Nanga Parbat uplift-driven conductive thermal anomaly results in a geothermal system which follows a BPD relationship at shallow levels, but below about 3 km fluid inclusions show that the hydrothermal fluid is dry s...

A CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) benchmark calculation for a steam blowdown test was performed for 30 seconds to develop the methodology for a numerical analysis of the thermal mixing between steam and subcooled water and to apply it to APR1400 (Advanced Power Reactor 1400MWe). In the CFD analysis, the steam condensation phenomenon by a direct contact was simulated by the so-called condensa...

Properties of heat-treated wood have been studied extensively in recent years. However, study on wood that has been treated in pressurized steam is limited, as most wood heat treatments are carried out in atmospheric steam. The main purpose of this study was to explore the influence of steam pressure on chemical changes of heat-treated wood. Wet chemical analysis, elemental analysis, and FTIR a...

the composition of the essential oils of teucrium chamaedrys l. belongs to the family lamiaceae, it is growing wild in the margin of mountainous roads of arid and cold climate of north iran. in this research, essential oils of teucrium chamaedrys l., extracted and measured at the different location by different methods of distillationand then were analyzed by gc and gc/ms. investigation and com...

At present, the cascade PID control is widely used to control the superheating temperature (main steam temperature). As Main Steam Temperature has the characteristics of large inertia, large time-delay and time varying, etc., conventional PID control strategy cannot achieve good control performance. In order to overcome the bad performance and deficiencies of main steam temperature control syst...

Oxidation of ferritic/martensitic steel P92 was investigated in pure oxygen and in pure steam at 600-800 °C by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the oxidation of P92 was significantly enhanced and multilayer scale with an outer iron oxides layer formed in pure steam. At 700 °C, the ...

Although steam is widely used in industrial production, there is often an imbalance between steam supply and demand, which ultimately results in steam waste. To solve this problem, steam accumulators (SAs) can be used as thermal energy storage and buffer units. However, it is difficult to promote the application of SAs due to high investment costs, which directly depend on the usage volume. Thu...

Plot-scale field studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of steam for the control of cropland weeds in comparison with common herbicides. Weed densities, biomass, or emergence after treatment were measured. Steam (3,200 kg/ha, energy dosage equivalent to 890 kJ/m2, speed of 0.8 m/s) and glyphosate (560 g ai/ha) gave similar control (. 90%) of seedling common lambsquarters and seedling r...