This paper describes the development of a heterojunction AlGaAs/GaAs PIN diode as a revolutionary improvement as compared to the homojunction GaAs PIN diode commonly used in microwave systems for commercial and military applications. In a heterojunction device the injected carriers from the junction are confined by the bandgap discontinuity between the AlGaAs/GaAs layers. This confinement effec...

In this paper, we present an algorithm which combines the pin assignment step and the global routing step in the physical design of VLSI circuits. Our algorithm is based on two key theorems: the channel pin assignment theorem and the block boundary decomposition theorem. These two theorems enable us to deal successfully with the high complexity resulting from combining the pin assignment and gl...

Abstract—The wear measuring and wear modelling are fundamental issues in the industrial field, mainly correlated to the economy and safety. Therefore, there is a need to study the wear measurements and wear estimation. Pin-on-disc test is the most common test which is used to study the wear behaviour. In this paper, the pin-on-disc (AEROTECH UNIDEX 11) is used for the investigation of the effec...

Puroindoline (Pina and Pinb) genes control grain texture or hardness in wheat. Wild-type/soft alleles lead to softer grain while a mutation in one or both of these genes results in a hard grain. Variation in hardness in genotypes with identical Pin alleles (wild-type or mutant) is known but the molecular basis of this is not known. We now report the identification of wheat genotypes with hard g...

Pin-1 has been shown to regulate several phases of the cell cycle and is strikingly overexpressed in many human cancers. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C is a potent lymphangiogenic factor produced by tumor and stromal cells. However, little is known about the roles of Pin-1 and VEGF-C in breast carcinoma. p53 protein and cyclin D1 overexpressions have been shown to play a role as pr...

Since the 80’s, industrial core calculations employ two-step scheme based on prior cross sections preparation with few energy groups and in homogenized reference geometries. Spatial homogenization fuel assembly quarters is most frequent calculation option nowadays, relying efficient nodal solvers using a coarse mesh. Pin-wise reaction rates are then reconstructed by dehomogenization techniques....

Old neglected dislocation of knee joint is a rare injury. Any orthopaedic surgeon would have faced only a few cases of unreduced neglected dislocation in his life time practice. We report the case of a 30-year old male patient with one month old unreduced knee dislocation which was managed with open reduction and stabilization with two intra-articular crossed Steinman pins for six weeks, follow...

Lublin, F. D., Knobler, R. L., Kalman, B., Goldhaber, M., Marini, J. Perrault, M., D’Imperio, C., Joseph, J., Alkan, S. S. and Korngold, R. (1993) Autoimmunity 16, 267-274 Krakowski, M. and Owens, T. (1996) Eur. J. Immunol. 26, 1641-1646 Ferber, I. A., Brocke, S., Taylor-Edwards, C., Ridgway, W., Dinisco, C., Steinman, L., Dalton, D. and Fathman, C. G. (1996) J. Immunol. 156, 5-7 Tabi, Z., McCo...

Demographic Studies, Duke University. An early version of this paper was presented at the Nobel Symposium in Economics, December 5-7, Lund, Sweden, 1991. I wish to acknowledge comments on this earlier draft by Nancy Birdsall, John Bongaarts, Martin Bronfenbrenner, A. W. Coats, Ansley J. Coale, Peter J. Donaldson, Richard A. Easterlin, Dennis Hodgson, Nathan Keyfitz, Geoffrey McNicoll, Thomas W....