Using a new technique we have determined a value for the constant of proportionality between submillimetre (submm) emission and dust mass, the dust mass absorption coefficient (κd) at 850μm. Our method has an advantage over previous methods in that we avoid assumptions about the properties of dust in the interstellar medium. Our only assumption is that the fraction of metals incorporated in the...

We present a discovery of a giant stellar halo in NGC 6822, a dwarf irregular galaxy in the Local Group. This halo is mostly made of old red giants, showing striking features: 1) it is several times larger than the main body of the galaxy seen in the optical images, and 2) it is elongated in the direction almost perpendicular to the HI disk of NGC 6822. The structure of this stellar halo looks ...

An expression for the radiation force from a cw-laser on a fluidfluid interface is derived that is able to model the giant deformations observed in modern experiments when the fluid system is close to the critical point implying that the surface tension is very small. The core of our argument is that the system is modelled as a step-index optical fiber. Then, observing that the dominant HE11 mo...

Automotive design engineers face the challenging problem of developing products in highly competitive markets. In this regard, using conceptual models in the first step of automotive development seems so necessary. In this paper, to make a body in white conceptual model, an engineering approach is developed for the replacement of beam-like structures, joints, and panels in a vehicle model. The ...