Musculoskeletal pain is common. Because subjective, objectively describing it crucial. However, assessment may cause distress in patients; therefore, physical therapists (PTs) should conduct these tests quickly and accurately. Simple clear instructions are recommended for assessment. few studies have provided evidence to support this hypothesis. Correspondingly, study aimed confirm the effectiv...

Tight hamstring syndrome (THS) is a symptom complex which has a varied pathogenesis. The syndrome usually occurs in childhood and adolescent period. It is characterized by tightness of lumbar, ischial and crural muscles. Case Report 1: 17 year old male was complaining of low back and right leg pain which spread to the back right leg for last two month. He walking with limited forward flexion an...

orthopaedic clinic with low back pain and left leg pain for last three months. The low back pain was of gradual onset and was progressive. The pain was aggravated on walking and standing. On clinical examination the patient was fit and well. She had bilateral free straight leg raise. Femoral nerve stretch test on the left leg was positive. She was intact neurologically and the range of movement...

We have developed an in vivo tribometer for characterizing the friction of a human heel against a planar test surface. The pedestrian steps down on an angled test surface and an observer determines if the person's heel slips. In the simplest variation, the subject simply steps down onto the test surface. The second variation has the standing subject's lower leg constrained to a vertically runni...

[Purpose] This study developed a modified active leg-raising exercise to decrease lumbar lordosis and assessed its effectiveness in a patient with low back pain and excessive lumbar lordosis. [Subject and Methods] The subject was a 56-year-old woman with excessive lordosis, who complained of continuous severe LBP pain at the L5 level for 1 year. The subject performed the modified active leg-rai...

BACKGROUND Two clinical tests used to assess for neuromuscular control deficits in low back pain (LBP) patients are the prone hip extension (PHE) test and active straight leg raise (ASLR) test. For these tests, it has been suggested examiners classify patients as "positive" or "negative" based on the presence or absence (respectively) of specific "abnormal" lumbopelvic motion patterns. The inte...

Mixter and Barr in 1934 first described the herniated disc to be a cause of segmental leg pain (sciatica or femoralgia). Acute low back pain is a relatively common condition and is accompanied by sciatica in only 1–2% of cases. Patients presenting with acute low back pain alone are therefore unlikely to have a disc prolapse. Lumbar intervertebral disc prolapse is most prevalent between the ages...