Force induced stretching of polymers is important in a variety of contexts. We have used theory and simulations to describe the response of homopolymers, with N monomers, to force (f) in good and poor solvents. In good solvents and for sufficiently large N we show, in accord with scaling predictions, that the mean extension along the f axis 〈Z〉 ∼ f for small f , and 〈Z〉 ∼ f 2 3 (the Pincus regi...

1. Let M be a complex manifold with a smooth boundary which will be denoted bM , dim C M = n. Let us denote M = M ∪ bM and assume for simplicity that M ⊂ ˜ M where˜M is a complex neighbourhood of M , dim C ˜ M = n, so that every point z ∈ bM is an interior point of˜M. Let us take a C ∞-function ρ : ˜ M → R such that M = z | ρ(z) < 0 , bM = z | ρ(z) = 0 ; dρ(z) = 0 for all z ∈ bM. (0.1) For any ...

Let R = ⊕ d∈N0 Rd be a positively graded commutative Noetherian ring which is standard in the sense that R = R0[R1], and set R+ := ⊕ d∈N Rd, the irrelevant ideal of R. (Here, N0 and N denote the set of non-negative and positive integers respectively; Z will denote the set of all integers.) Let M = ⊕ d∈Z Md be a non-zero finitely generated graded R-module. This paper is concerned with the behavi...

Background and Objectives: Parental factors, including social and anthropometric factors, play a vital role in children longterm nutritional status. The objective of this study was to investigate correlations between parental factors and nutritional status of the schoolchildren in a rural setting of Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out during May 2018. T...

Let R be a ring with center Z and I a nonzero ideal of R. An additive mapping F : R → R is called a generalized derivation of R if there exists a derivation d : R → R such that F xy F x y xd y for all x, y ∈ R. In the present paper, we prove that if F x, y ± x, y for all x, y ∈ I or F x ◦ y ± x ◦ y for all x, y ∈ I, then the semiprime ring R must contains a nonzero central ideal, provided d I /...

Suppose X is a nonsingular arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay projective scheme, Z a nonsingular closed subscheme of X, and˜I the ideal sheaf of Z in X. Let˜X be the blowup of X along˜I, E0 the pull-back of a general hyperplane in X, and E the exceptional divisor. In this paper, we study projective embeddings of˜X given by the divisors De,t = tE0 − eE. We give explicit values of d and δ such that fo...

We generalize the notions of F-regular and F-pure rings to those for a pair (R, a) of a ring R and an ideal a ⊂ R with real exponent t > 0, and investigate those properties. Those “F-singularities of pairs” correspond to singularities of pairs of arbitrary codimension in birational geometry. Via this correspondence, we prove Inversion of Adjunction of arbitrary codimension, which states that fo...

Let p be a prime number and let K be a finite extension of Qp. Let R be the valuation ring of K, P the maximal ideal of R, and K̄ = R/P the residue field of K. Let q denote the cardinality of K̄, so K̄ ≃ Fq. For z in K, let ord z denote the valuation of z, and set |z| = q . Let f be a non constant element of K[x1, . . . , xm]. The p-adic Igusa local zeta function Z(s) associated to f (relative to ...