Biomineralisation offers the potential for in-situ sequestration and subsequent reduction in the bioavailability of heavy metals and radionuclides in the subsurface environment. Calcium carbonate minerals are known to sorb and form solid solutions with a range of target elements, and are readily produced by the actions of common microorganisms on simple chemical precursors. The ability of a com...

INTRODUCTION In osteoarthritis (OA) the progression of cartilage degeneration has been associated with remodeling of the subchondral bone. Human OA subchondral bone osteoblasts were shown to have an abnormal phenotype and altered metabolism leading to an abnormal resorptive process. Bone resorption is suggested to occur, at least in part, through the increased levels of two proteolytic enzymes,...

Through high-resolution electron microscopy, the surface structure of barium titanate and strontium titanate nanoparticles are found to be terminated by a TiO2 double layer. These results confirm prior observations of TiO2-rich surface reconstructions on strontium titanate nanoparticles made hydrothermally at high pH and single crystals prepared with wet chemical etching. Of all the reconstruct...

Both calcium and strontium could be transported actively from erythrocytes if adenosine triphosphate, guanosine triphosphate, or inosine triphosphate were included in the hypotonic medium used to infuse calcium or strontium into the cells. Acetyl phosphate and pyrophosphate were not energy sources for the transport of either ion. Neither calcium nor strontium transport was accompanied by magnes...

The safe disposal of liquid wastes associated with oil and gas production in the United States is a major challenge given their large volumes and typically high levels of contaminants. In Pennsylvania, oil and gas wastewater is sometimes treated at brine treatment facilities and discharged to local streams. This study examined the water quality and isotopic compositions of discharged effluents,...

The apatite-type compound, penta-strontium tris-[arsenate(V)] chloride, Sr(5)(AsO(4))(3)Cl, has been synthesized by ion exchange at high temperature from a synthetic sample of mimetite [Pb(5)(AsO(4))(3)Cl] with SrCO(3) as a by-product. The results of the Rietveld refinement, based on high resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data, show that the title compound crystallizes in the same...

Strontium ferrite nanoparticles were prepared by a coprecipitation method, and reduced graphene oxide/strontium ferrite/polyaniline (R-GO/SF/PANI) ternary nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization method. The morphology, structure, and magnetic properties of the ternary nanocomposites were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-I...

Background: Previous preclinical findings reported that Strontium ranelate increases the secretion of osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein as well as mRNA levels and down-regulates both RANKL protein and mRNA expression in primary human osteoblasts; this increase in the OPG/RANKL ratio is known to negatively affect osteoclastogenesis. Objectives: The objective of the present study is to assess the eff...