Although some authors suggest to use Long-Wave Infrared (LWIR) sensors to evaluate brain functioning, the link between emissions of LWIR and mental effort is not established. The goal of this pilot study was to determine whether frontal LWIR emissions vary during execution of neuropsychological tasks known to differentially activate the pre-frontal cortex (simple color presentations, induction ...

Depressed individuals frequently display disruptions in selective attention, but the time course and specificity of these difficulties are not well-understood. To better understand the nature of attentional disruptions in depression, 28 healthy adults and 23 unmedicated depressed adults completed a Stroop color-naming task using a long inter-stimulus interval and pupil dilation was recorded as ...

The Stroop Test, also known as the color-word naming test, has been used in over sixty published psychological studies since the test was originally described by Stroop (2). The test has been used to attempt to measure a variety of processes and traits in the cognitive and personality domains, which it is not the purpose of this article to review. The psychometric characteristics of the Stroop ...

We investigated the on-line relationship between overt articulation and the central processes of speech production. In two experiments manipulating the timing of Stroop interference in color naming, we found that naming behavior can shift between exhibiting a staged or cascaded mode of processing depending on task demands: an effect of Stroop interference on naming durations arose only when the...

We examined activation of concepts during analogical reasoning. Subjects made either analogical judgments or categorical judgments about four-word sets. After each four-word set, they named the ink color of a single word in a modified Stroop task. Words that referred to category relations were primed (as indicated by longer response times on Stroop color naming) subsequent to analogical judgmen...

Validity of the emotional Stroop task hinges on equivalence between the emotion and the control words in terms of lexical features related to word recognition. The authors evaluated the lexical features of 1,033 words used in 32 published emotional Stroop studies. Emotion words were significantly lower in frequency of use, longer in length, and had smaller orthographic neighborhoods than words ...

This study compared professional and amateur classical musicians matched for age, gender, and education on reaction times during the Stroop color-word test, brainwaves during an auditory ERP task and during paired reaction-time tasks, responses on the Gibbs Sociomoral Reflection questionnaire, and self-reported frequencies of peak experiences. Professional musicians were characterized by: (1) l...

Conflict processing is crucial for humans and has been investigated using hemodynamic and electrophysiological measures. However, because most previous research has studied hemodynamic and electrophysiological measures separately, the relationship between these two measures in conflict processing is poorly understood. In our study, we measure near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and event-related ...

How cognitive control is recruited and implemented has become a major focus of researchers in cognitive psychology and neuroscience. Current theories posit that cognitive control operates at the level of general rules--for example, in a Stroop task, "attend to the color of the stimulus." Here we report behavioral evidence suggesting that cognitive control is implemented much more locally, opera...