steel 2205 is one of the most famous duplex stainless steels. the microstructure of this steel composed of ferrite and austenite in similar amount. therefore, in order to improve mechanical properties through microstructure, thermo mechanical processes such as controlled hot rolling and forging should be applied. it is not possible to employ the usual heat treatment. it shows the importance of ...

Humans can discriminate among the hardness of objects by tapping their surfaces. The damped natural vibration caused by tapping and its frequency are known to be the cue for the perception of hardness. This study is an investigation of the characteristics of this perception of hardness, as induced by vibration stimuli including multiple frequency components. We performed a comparative experimen...

We consider the question of whether PPAD hardness can be based on standard cryptographic assumptions, such as the existence of one-way functions or public-key encryption. This question is particularly well-motivated in light of new devastating attacks on obfuscation candidates and their underlying building blocks, which are currently the only known source for PPAD hardness. Central in the study...

Biominerals are widely exploited to harden or stiffen tissues in living organisms, with calcium-, silicon-, and iron-based minerals being most common. In notable contrast, the jaws of the marine bloodworm Glycera dibranchiata contain the copper-based biomineral atacamite [Cu2(OH)3Cl]. Polycrystalline fibers are oriented with the outer contour of the jaw. Using nanoindentation, we show that the ...

The results of the modification of stainless steel, niobium and titanium by volume discharge induced by a beam of runaway electrons in air under normal pressure are presented. Changes in the chemical composition of the surface layers of metal by the action of the discharge, structural changes and changes of hardness were studied. It has been found that the concentration of oxygen and carbon in ...

The structural and nanomechanical properties of GaSe thin films were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nanoindentation techniques. The GaSe thin films were deposited on Si(111) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. XRD patterns reveal only the pure (000 l)-oriented reflections originating from the hexagonal GaSe phase and no trace of any impurity or additional phases. Nanoin...

The derivation of nebular abundances in galaxies using strong line methods is simple and quick. Various indices have been designed and calibrated for this purpose, and they are widely used. However, abundances derived with such methods may be significantly biased, if the objects under study have different structural properties (hardness of the ionizing radiation field, morphology of the nebulae...

In this paper the robust capacitated international sourcing problem (RoCIS) is approached. It consists of selecting a subset of suppliers with finite capacity, from an available set of potential suppliers internationally located. This problem was introduced by González-Velarde and Laguna in 2004[1], where they propose a deterministic solution based on Tabu Search memory strategies. In this work...

H. Chmelíčková, H. Šebestová, M. Havelková, H. Hiklová, J. Tomáštík, RCPTM, Joint Lab. of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic This paper presents a simulation of laser surface remelting with the SYSWELD finite element method software. Micro-structural changes, increase of hardness, and surface profile modification of the remelted samples are evaluated. The mo...

The structural analysis of metabolic networks aims both at understanding the function and the evolution of metabolism. While it is commonly admitted that metabolism is modular, the identification of metabolic modules remains an open topic. Several definitions of what is a module have been proposed. We focus here on the notion of chemical organisations, i.e. sets of molecules which are closed an...