The subgroup J of ALV (ALV-J) has emerged as an important pathogen of meat-type chickens since1989. This virus is responsible for economic losses due to both mortality and depressed performance inchickens. So, the objective of this study is the detection of ALV-J in the albumen of commercial and nativefowl eggs using RT-PCR. Three hundred and seventy egg albumens were randomly selected from dif...

We find a condition on the underlying graph of an Artin group that fully determines if it is subgroup separable. As consequence, separable and only can be obtained from groups ranks at most 2 via finite sequence free products direct with infinite cyclic group. This result generalizes Metaftsis-Raptis criterion for Right-Angled groups.