نتایج جستجو برای: subjective refraction
تعداد نتایج: 75025 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
OBJECTIVE To compare visual acuity (VA) scores after autorefraction vs manual refraction in eyes of patients with diabetes mellitus and a wide range of VAs. METHODS The letter score from the Electronic Visual Acuity (EVA) test from the electronic Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study was measured after autorefraction (AR-EVA score) and after manual refraction (MR-EVA score), which is the...
OBJECTIVE To evaluate safety, efficacy, predictability, stability, complications, and patient satisfaction after implantation of Artisan toric phakic intraocular lenses (TPIOLs) for the correction of myopia or hyperopia with astigmatism. DESIGN Prospective, nonrandomized, comparative (self-controlled) multicenter trial. PARTICIPANTS Seventy eyes of 53 patients (mean, 35 years; range, 22-59 ...
PURPOSE To study the relationship between refraction after cataract surgery and the use of spectacles in patients older than 65 years. METHODS Retrospective case control study. The study included 40 retired subjects older than 65 years-old who fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Clinical ophthalmic and optical information was collected, and patients were requested to complete a validated questi...
In Geng, Weiss, and Wol (2011), we pointed to the possibility that a voting mechanism may create or strengthen an entitlement e ect in political-power holders relative to a random-appointment mechanism. This comment documents that such an e ect, if it exists, is not robust.
Objectives Estimates of occupation-specific tinnitus prevalence may help identify high-risk occupations where interventions are warranted. The authors studied the effect of occupation on prevalence of bothersome tinnitus and estimated the attributable fraction due to occupation. The authors also studied how much of the effect remained after adjusting for noise exposure, education income, hearin...
Econometric Causality This paper presents the econometric approach to causal modeling. It is motivated by policy problems. New causal parameters are defined and identified to address specific policy problems. Economists embrace a scientific approach to causality and model the preferences and choices of agents to infer subjective (agent) evaluations as well as objective outcomes. Anticipated and...
This paper studies a principal–agent relation in which the principal’s private information about the agent’s effort choice is more accurate than a noisy public performance measure. For some contingencies the optimal contract has to specify ex post inefficiencies in the form of inefficient termination (firing the agent) or third–party payments (money burning). We show that money burning is the l...
I f it were possible to adjust the refraction of a pseudophakic eye by means of an adjustable posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC/IOL), subjective comfort or visual function would be improved. This is especially true in children. Several approaches to create an adjustable intraocular lens (IOL) are currently under study. This field is still in an early stage of its evolution. The *Acri.Tec A...
A compilation of the optical constants of ice Ih is made for temperatures within 60 K of the melting point. The imaginary part mim of the complex index of refraction m is obtained from measurements of spectral absorption coefficient; the real part mre is computed to be consistent with mim by use of known dispersion relations. The compilation of mim requires subjective interpolation in the near-...
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