In Sensorimotor Contingency Theory (SMCT) differences between the perceptual qualities of sensory modalities are explained by the different structure of dependencies between a human’s actions and the ensuing changes in sensory stimulation. It distinguishes modalityrelated Sensory-Motor Contingencies (SMCs), that describe the structure of changes for individual sensory modalities, and object-rel...

Having identified a deficiency in the Royal Navy's present DIStressed SUBmarine (DISSUB) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) removal system the Marine Environment Sustainability and Habitability (MESH) IPT has run a project to assess a number of candidate technologies for use as a replacement system. Three technologies were examined initially, and a competitive procurement activity has been completed. From th...

Coastal hydrogeologists and oceanographers now recognize the potentially significant contribution that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) could make to the coastal ocean. SGD may be both volumetrically and chemically important to coastal water and chemical budgets. A worldwide compilation of observed SGD shows that groundwater seepage from the land to the ocean occurs in many environments al...

Introduction Conclusions References

The long-term goals of this research are to understand the dynamics of rip currents generated by largescale variations in alongshore pressure gradients and wave forcing, and the impact of rip currents on nearshore bathymetry. These goals will be accomplished collaboratively using field observations and numerical models, and will be pursued as part of the Nearshore Canyon Experiment (NCEX) sched...

Operating in a dangerously sensor-limited closed environment, submarine sonar operators are plagued by primitive sensory interfaces inherited from earlier hardware designs. The inefficient match to the operator’s perceptual capability is exacerbated as submarines increasingly operate in the littoral where, at now reduced ranges from quieter threat targets, detection requires immediate action fo...

Debris flow is an important sedimenttransport mechanism in subaerial and subaqueous environments. Its properties change almost continuously as sediment and water are added to or subtracted from it (Smith and Lowe, 1991; Vallance, 2000). In subaerial environments, debris flows are commonly diluted into hyperconcentrated flows when they encounter a streamflow (Pierson and Costa, 1987; Costa, 1988...

Within the framework of earlier publications, we have consistently dedicated our investigations to eliciting the effects of both seasonal vitamin D deficiency and submarine-induced hypercapnia on serum parameters for acid-base balance and bone metabolism in submariners over a 2-month winter (WP) or summer (SP) patrols. The latest findings reported herein, contribute further evidence with regard...

[1] The output of gas and tephra from volcanoes is an inherently disorganized process that makes reliable flux estimates challenging to obtain. Continuous monitoring of gas flux has been achieved in only a few instances at subaerial volcanoes, but never for submarine volcanoes. Here we use the first sustained (yearlong) hydroacoustic monitoring of an erupting submarine volcano (NW Rota-1, Maria...

As the velocity of a rocket in a circular orbit near a black hole increases, the outwardly directed rocket thrust must increase to keep the rocket in its orbit. This feature might appear paradoxical from a Newtonian viewpoint, but we show that it follows naturally from the equivalence principle together with special relativity and a few general features of black holes. We also derive a general ...