introduction: addiction is a habit or behavior that is often hard to quit. it is estimated that 190 million persons are substance users around the world. substance abuse creates tolerance after a while. shortly after taking the drug, a person will not enjoy as the beginning of its use that is why the amount of substance used is gradually increased. the purpose of this study was to find the reas...

BACKGROUND Substance use in patients with psychiatric disorder is an every-day seen. Detection of this comorbidity can significantly affect the treatment of these disorders, as well as substance use. OBJECTIVES This study has been conducted to determine the prevalence and pattern of substance use in hospitalized psychiatric patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 210 h...

OBJECTIVES To quantify the relation between substance misuse and psychiatric illness in the UK general practice population in terms of (a) the relative risk of developing one condition given prior exposure to the other and (b) the proportion of cases of one condition attributable to exposure to the other. DESIGN Population based prospective observational study using the general practice resea...

Jerrold B. Leikin, MD ubstance-related disorders are conditions in which an individual uses/ buses a substance, leading to maladaptive behaviors and symptoms. In iagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders, 4th dition, text revision (DSM-IV-TR), substance-related disorders are urther grouped into substance dependence and substance abuse. Subtance abuse refers to a maladaptive pa...

The use and abuse of psychoactive substances are not unique to our country or century. People used hallucinogenic plants to achieve altered states of consciousness in prehistoric times, and psychoactive substances have been used in all eras and cultures. As Osler remarked, “The desire to take medicine is, perhaps, the great feature which distinguishes man from other animals.” The human cost of ...

background: the use of methamphetamine and other drugs among young adults has been a theme of growing interest and concern on the part of researchers and health associations. this paper reports recent use of methamphetamine and its relation with some demographic variables among substance users in west of iran. method s: this cross-sectional study was carried out on 559 substance users of hamada...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotional regulation training group therapy, based on dialectical behavioral therapy (dbt) and cognitive therapy, on improving emotional regulation and distress tolerance skills and relapse prevention in addicts.in a quasiexperimental study, 39 patients with the diagnosis of opioid dependence based on dsm-iv criteria were randoml...

purpose: to ascertain the role of social support and positive affect in prediction of addiction relapse. materials and methods: the research method was a causal-comparison. population included all the clients seeking for medical advice in the centers for addiction treatment in saravan and iranshar. the sample includes 186 participants (83 participants had no relapse and 83 participants had rela...

aim and background: personality traits are among the factors affecting the tendency to substance abuse. personality evaluations have shown sensation seeking to be a particularly strong predictor of initial substance abuse across a variety of drug use categories. the aim of this study was to determine levels of sensation seeking in addicted and normal subjects while considering gender. methods a...

background: tramadol overdose is relatively common in iran. a series of tramadol poisoned patients with paresthesia and decreased muscle strength are described. methods: in this prospective cross-sectional study, all referred cases to mashhad medical toxicology center with suspected tramadol poisoning between 1st july 2010 and 1st september 2012 were included. patients with mixed overdose, hist...