noise removal operation is commonly applied as pre-processing step before subsequent image processing tasks due to the occurrence of noise during acquisition or transmission process. a common problem in imaging systems by using cmos or ccd sensors is appearance of  the salt and pepper noise. this paper presents cellular automata (ca) framework for noise removal of distorted image by the salt an...

The shot-noise limited sensitivity of Michelson-type laser interferometers with Fabry-Perot arm cavities can be increased by the so-called power-recycling technique. In such a scheme the power-recycling cavity is optically coupled with the interferometer's arm cavities. A problem arises because the central coupling mirror transmits a rather high laser power and may show thermal lensing, thermo-...

We demonstrate low noise short wavelength infrared (SWIR) Sb-based type II superlattice (T2SL) avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The SWIR GaSb/(AlAsSb/GaSb) APD structure was designed based on impact ionization engineering and grown by molecular beam epitaxy a GaSb substrate. At room temperature, the device exhibits 50% cut-off of 1.74 µm. revealed to have an electron-dominated avalanching mechanis...

Residual bulk image (RBI) is significant in the KAF09000 CCD. Residual images are observed 2 h after illumination at −20C. Trap leakage and capacity are studied as a function of temperature. A flood-flush protocol is evaluated for eliminating RBI artifacts. A substrate trap fixed pattern noise is observed and is removed by dark-subtraction. An increase of dark current shot noise due to trap lea...

background and aim: it will be discussed about five mechanisms in relation to speech in noise perception; including neural encoding and decoding, centrifugal pathways, pitch perception, asymmetric sampling in time and cognitive skills. these mechanisms are related to each other and each is important to recognize speech in noise. in this article, we have tried to rely on the latest studies to de...

This paper presents an overview of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) design activities at the University of Victoria. Mode-matching techniques (MMTs) are employed to facilitate the design of planar SIW circuits as well as surface mounted waveguide (SMW) components. Active component integration and antenna design employ commercially available field solvers. Each category is highlighted by a s...

It is commonly believed that, whenever timescale separation holds, the predictions of reduced chemical master equations obtained using the stochastic quasi-steady-state approximation are in very good agreement with the predictions of the full master equations. We use the linear noise approximation to obtain a simple formula for the relative error between the predictions of the two master equati...

A hybrid oscillator operating at 12 GHz and 77 K was designed and characterised. The design incorporated on a single substrate a passive superconductive circuit and a 111-V active device. YBaCuO films (300nm), grown on MgO, had a surface resistance at 77 K of 0.3 m a scaled to 12 GHz. The DC and RF characteristics of the pseudomorphic HEMT showed minor differences before and after hybridation. ...

in order to evaluate the effect of substrate and enrichment material on biological efficiency (be) and other physical and chemical propertiese of medicinal mushroom shiitake (lentinula edodes) an investigation was perfomed as factorial experiment in completely randomized designe with four replications in khorramabad city of lorestan continent iran. experimental factors were substrate in three l...