The in-vitro action of the sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim combination (cotrimoxazole) against coliforms, Proteus spp, and Staphylococcus aureus was re-examined. In nutrient broth the components of cotrimoxazole did not produce bacteriostatic synergy against most sulphonamide-resistant and a significant proportion of sulphonamide-sensitive strains. Any bactericidal action appeared to be due to t...

BACKGROUND In Chile, the emergence of drug-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae has complicated treatment decisions and may lead to treatment failures. AIM to examine antimicrobial resistance trends among pneumococcal isolates from the Catholic University Hospital between 1997 and 2003. MATERIAL AND METHODS During a seven-year period, we examined 901 strains of S. pneumoniae isolat...

OBJECTIVES Pilot data suggest that inadequate antibiotic volumes are often dispensed. Study goals were to determine the frequency of inadequate antibiotic volumes dispensed by local pharmacies, develop prescription-writing guidelines to ensure that adequate antibiotic suspension volumes are dispensed, and document the adequacy of verbal/written counseling pharmacists provide. METHODS Sixty-on...

Introduction Although co-trimoxazole ('Septrin', 'Bactrim') is in common use, the incidence of associated erythropoietic disturbance is low. This is surprising, since the trimethoprim component has been shown to have some action on human dihydrofolate reductase (Hitchings, 1969) and the sulphamethoxazole might be expected to cause haematological complications as do other sulphonamides (Laurence...

Twenty-eight isolates of Enterobacteriaceae were obtained from inpatients and outpatients with significant urinary tract infections. The effect of co-trimoxazole or its separate components was then determined upon shake cultures of these organisms in urine obtained from healthy subjects. Co-trimoxazole did not have a significant bactericidal effect upon any of the organisms. Trimethoprim alone ...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection has reached epidemic proportions, and therapeutic options are limited because these strains are often multidrug resistant. However, the new strains of community-acquired MRSA show decreased resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Clinical and experimental reports show a mixture of successes and failures with trimethoprim-sulfamet...

We compared the clinical and bacteriologic response of 5-day treatment with cefixime, 8 mg/kg per day, with the response to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), 10-50 mg/kg per day, the currently recommended therapy. Of the assessable children with acute, culture-proven shigellosis, 38 received cefixime and 39 received TMP-SMX. Pretreatment data on the two study groups were similar. In the ...

The clinical characteristics and the response to treatment with high doses of co-trimoxazole in 12 children with brucellar arthritis were analysed retrospectively. The children lived in an urban area and all but two had a history of unprocessed milk or cheese ingestion. Fever and oligoarthritis of the lower extremities were the most common clinical findings. Control of the disease was achieved ...

Fifty-four college women with symptoms of lower urinary tract infections were randomly treated, 25 with 500 mg of ceftriaxone in a single intramuscular dose and 29 with 160 mg of trimethoprim-800 mg of sulfamethoxazole orally twice daily for 7 days. At 1 week after treatment, 23 patients (92%) in the ceftriaxone group and 28 patients (96%) in the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group were cured. ...

Three patients with antibiotic induced meningitis, one following penicillin with seven episodes, are reported on--the first well documented description of penicillin induced meningitis. In this patient episodes of headache and nuchal rigidity appeared with and without CSF pleocytosis. Two patients had a total of five episodes of antibiotic induced meningitis after trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole...