A real two-particle experiment is proposed in which one of the particles undergoes two successive impacts on beam-splitters. It is shown that the standard quantum mechanical superposition principle implies the possibility of influences acting backward in time (”retrocausation”), in striking contrast with the principle of causality. It is argued that nonlocality and retrocausation are not necess...

The ability to precisely and selectively excite superpositions of specific fiber eigenmodes allows one in principle to control the three dimensional field distribution along the length of a fiber. Here we demonstrate the dynamic synthesis and controlled transmission of vectorial eigenstates in a hollow core cylindrical photonic bandgap fiber, including a coherent superposition of two different ...

Consider a graph having quantum systems lying at each node. Suppose that the whole thing evolves in discrete time steps, according to a global, unitary causal operator. By causal we mean that information can only propagate at a bounded speed, with respect to the distance given by the graph. Suppose, moreover, that the graph itself is subject to the evolution, and may be driven to be in a quantu...

The typical mathematical language systematically exploits notational and logical abuses whose resolution requires not just the knowledge of domain specific notation and conventions, but not trivial skills in the given mathematical discipline. A large part of this background knowledge is expressed in form of equalities and isomorphisms, allowing mathematicians to freely move between different in...

The aim of this thesis is to present Paramodulation Operators deciding the (i) Ackermann class with Equality [FS93] and (ii) the monadic class with equality [BGW93]. Ad (i) a refinement of the Ordered Paramodulation calculus [HR91] is used to define the appropriate inference operator; ad (ii) a variant of the Superposition calculus [BG94] is employed for this purpose. It seemed natural to give ...

The paper presents a modular superposition calculus for the combination of firstorder theories involving both total and partial functions. The modularity of the calculus is a consequence of the fact that all the inferences are pure – only involving clauses over the alphabet of either one, but not both, of the theories – when refuting goals represented by sets of pure formulae. The calculus is s...