Crop coefficient curves provide simple, reproducible means to estimate crop evapotranspiration (ET) from weather-based reference ET values. The dual crop coefficient sKcd method of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United States (FAO) Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56 (FAO-56) is intended to improve daily simulation of crop ET by considering separately the contribution of evapora...

Background Precipitation is predicted to become more variable in the western United States, meaning years of above and below average precipitation will become more common. Periods of extreme precipitation are major drivers of interannual variability in ecosystem functioning in water limited communities, but how ecosystems respond to these extremes over the long-term may shift with precipitation...

A split-rooted containerized system was developed by approach grafting two, 1-year-old apple (Malus×domestica Borkh. cv 'Gala') trees to investigate the effect of soil moisture heterogeneity and total soil moisture content (θ(v)) on tree water relations, gas exchange, and leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentration [ABA(leaf)]. Four irrigation treatments comprising a 2×2 factorial experiment of irri...

Soil moisture retrievals from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) instrument are assimilated into the Noah land surface model (LSM) within the NASA Land Information System (LIS). Before assimilation, SMOS retrievals are bias-corrected to match the model climatological distribution using a Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) matching approach. Data assimilation is done via the Ensembl...

Alterations in global and regional precipitation patterns are expected to affect plant and ecosystem productivity, especially in water-limited ecosystems. This study examined the effects of natural and supplemental (25% increase) seasonal precipitation on a sotol grassland ecosystem in Big Bend National Park in the Chihuahuan Desert. Physiological responses – leaf photosynthesis at saturating l...

nowadays, the limitation of water resources are added on the importance of detailed planning including the estimated timing and amount of irrigation water. this is possible with considering the soil indices and water balance. the measured soil field capacity of some with two lab and field measurement methods were 21% and 19/8% respectively and the permanent wilting point were determined 12% as ...

A field experiment was carried out during 2009-11 on a sandy loam soil of IARI, New Delhi on wheat with four levels of irrigation (rainfed, irrigations to replenish 30, 60 and 100% moisture deficit from field capacity) as main plot factors and four levels of nitrogen (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg N/ha) as subplot factors in a split plot design. The soil moisture storage in the profile showed inverse re...

one of the methods of understanding and evaluating the irrigation management is to measure soil moisture, plant indices and vegetation temperature. the present study aims to introduce a traditional pattern of irrigation management (continuous water rotation in an irrigation zone) in the pistachio gardens of ardakan, and evaluate its strengths and weaknesses. a tdr device was used in a one-month...