Several interrelated phenomena near the surface ablated into a discharge plasma, such as ablation and ionization in accelerated plasma are studied. Two characteristic ablation modes are identified, namely, ablation mode with a velocity at the Knudsen layer edge smaller than the local sound speed and a velocity at the Knudsen layer edge close to the sound speed. The existence of these two ablati...

The model of laser ablation driven by a bulk photothermal reaction is considered. Stationary wave solutions are obtained and analyzed. In the case of a simple photothermal bond-breaking reaction, it is possible to reduce this bulk ablation model to the surface evaporation model with some apparent activation energy. A more complicated model of laser ablation, taking into consideration a photothe...

Figure 1 a: Surface ECG recorded during atrial tachycardia (AT). P-wave polarity during the AT was positive in leads II, III, aVF, and V1 and negative in leads I and aVL. The AT cycle length was 510 ms. b: Findings from ablation in the pulmonary artery. The earliest local atrial potential preceded P-wave onset by 52 ms. Ablation from that site temporarily accelerated the AT rate (116 to 159 bpm...

BACKGROUND Post ablation atrial tachycardias are characterized by low-voltage signals that challenge current mapping methods. Ripple mapping (RM) displays every electrogram deflection as a bar moving from the cardiac surface, resulting in the impression of propagating wavefronts when a series of bars move consecutively. RM displays fractionated signals in their entirety thereby helping to ident...

PURPOSE An investigation of the thermal effect and the potential for injury at the lung surface following thermal vapour ablation (InterVapor), an energy-based method of achieving endoscopic lung volume reduction. METHODS Heated water vapour was delivered to fifteen ex vivo human lungs using standard clinical procedure, and the thermal effect at the visceral pleura was monitored with an infra...

conclusions echocardiography and 2d speckle tracking strain imaging shows improvements in left ventricular deformation indices in atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (avrt) and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (avnrt) patients for the mean systolic strain and strain rate at 24 hours and the three-month follow-up. in spite of the normal lvef, even during sinus rhythm, deformation ...

noses by using the equivalent axisymmetric body (EAB) theory. This Code has been developed by researchers and the results of it have been validated by the various flight tests results. In the case of non-zero angle of attack or asymmetric surface ablation for each meriodinal plane, the equivalent meriodinal plane (EMP) is created for any meriodinal plane. The combinations of these planes consti...