The first surgical choledochoscope was introduced in 1965. Murphy subsequently used this instrument to perform the first ever fibre-optic intubation in 1967. The fibre-optic bronchoscope has now become an essential anaesthetic instrument. Awake intubation of the airway can be achieved safely with a variety of techniques using topical analgesia, regional nerve blockade, with or without sedation....

sold by surgical instrument makers, which have constantly come prominently to my notice daring the performnace of operations on the eye, and which, after considerable experience of the same, have forced me to try and effect a remedy for them. It is with that object in view, that I have devised an instrument, which I venture to bring before the notice of the profession, as having, in my humble o...

Detection of instrument tip in retinal microsurgery videos is extremely challenging due to rapid motion, illumination changes, the cluttered background, and the deformable shape of the instrument. For the same reason, frequent failures in tracking add the overhead of reinitialization of the tracking. In this work, a new method is proposed to localize not only the instrument center point but als...

OBJECTIVE Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of vision and masking friction on contact perception and compliance differentiation thresholds in a simulated tissue-probing task. BACKGROUND In minimally invasive surgery, the surgeon receives limited haptic feedback because of the current design of the instrumentation and relies on visual feedback to judge the amount of force a...

background :the incidence of recurrence in patients undergoing primary discectomy due to lumbar disc herniation (ldh), is regularly reported as 5-15%. in this study we aimed to evaluate surgical outcome of instrumented transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (tlif) in the patients suffering from recurrent ldh.   methods : we retrospectively studied 51 patients (30 female, 21 male) from august 20...

This paper describes a precision-guided surgical navigation system for minimally invasive surgery. The system combines a laser guidance technique with a three-dimensional (3D) autostereoscopic image overlay technique. Images of surgical anatomic structures superimposed onto the patient are created by employing an animated imaging method called integral videography (IV), which can display geomet...