INTRODUCTION Falling is a frequent cause of serious injury in the older adult population and trips are a dominant cause of falls. Although there are few laboratory protocols that induce actual trips, there are many studies that utilize surrogate tasks. Performance of surrogate tasks require similar biomechanical characteristic stepping responses, but unlike a trip, these tasks do not involve an...

Background Ideally, decisions on the value of health technologies should be based on evidence from well-conducted clinical trials that assess clinically important final patientrelevant outcomes, such as mortality or impaired quality of life. Pressure to reduce the delay in the availability of technologies to patients has led to an increased reliance on the use of surrogate outcomes [1]. A key t...

The founding of new spin-off firms by entrepreneurial employees proposes a model of surrogate motherhood of network development. This paper suggests that the evolution of the network is constrained by previous relationships and designed within the parent firm's position in the industry boundaries.

Many complex networks demonstrate a phenomenon of striking degree correlations, i.e., a node tends to link to other nodes with similar (or dissimilar) degrees. From the perspective of degree correlations, this paper attempts to characterize topological structures of urban street networks. We adopted six urban street networks (three European and three North American), and converted them into net...

Commercial surrogate-motherhood contracts should be legally enforceable, despite the vociferous and prevalent opposition to them. We shall, in particular, argue here that they do not involve the commodification of children, nor in other ways are they contrary to the interests of the children concerned. Our case is developed in response to criticisms of arguments we have made before in defense o...

in postpartum departments the skills and experience of doctors and midwives will overlap together but it is not sufficiently recognized . little importance to the ability of midwives will reduce the scope of their responsibilities and decision-making power will be taken from them , also this will result in demoralization and decreasing job satisfaction. in this situation work load of new physic...

abstract introduction cancers are one of the most common chronic diseases in children that cause fear and anxiety in them and their families. praying is one of the methods can be used for reducing anxiety. in this study, we examined praying effect on anxiety in mothers with children suffer from cancer. materials and methods this randomized clinical trial was done on 60 mothers divided in two gr...

The humble Asian ox called the gaur has picked up where Dolly the sheep left off. In October, news consumers everywhere learned that this animal was about to be rescued from the brink of extinction through cloning, thanks to the work of a US biotech company, Advanced Cell Technology. ‘Extinction Could Be a Thing of the Past,’ heralded The Independent (London). “It is the first endangered specie...

introduction: quality of life is individuals’ perception of their status in life in the context of the culture and value systems they live in. pregnancy has a great impact on mothers and their quality of life. prenatal classes provide mothers with information about pregnancy, labor process and newborn care. objective:the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of prenatal classes on ...

conclusions the use of sms-based education is a constant and efficient educational approach for increasing mothers’ level of knowledge about children’s sleep health. background sleep-deprivation in children decreases the quality of life and endangers health. increasing mother’s level of awareness can help improve the children’s sleep schedule and avoid many associated problems. objectives this ...