Meridional ocean freshwater transports and convergences are calculated from absolute geostrophic velocities and Ekman transports. The freshwater transports are analyzed in terms of mass-balanced contributions from the shallow, ventilated circulation of the subtropical gyres, intermediate and deep water overturns, and Indonesian Throughflow and Bering Strait components. The following are the maj...

The integral synaptic vesicle (SV) protein synaptophysin forms 10% of total SV protein content, but has no known function in SV physiology. Synaptobrevin (sybII) is another abundant integral SV protein with an essential role in SV exocytosis. Synaptophysin and sybII form a complex in nerve terminals, suggesting this interaction may have a key role in presynaptic function. To determine how synap...

The aim of the present work was to study the influence of changes in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) on beat-to-beat variability (short term variability, SV) of action potential duration (APD) in isolated canine ventricular cardiomyocytes. Series of action potentials were recorded from enzymatically isolated canine ventricular cells using conventional microelectrode technique. D...

Neural networks engaged in high-frequency activity rely on sustained synaptic vesicle recycling and coordinated recruitment from functionally distinct synaptic vesicle (SV) pools. However, the molecular pathways matching neural activity to SV dynamics and release requirements remain unclear. Here we identify unique roles of SNARE-binding Tomosyn1 (Tomo1) proteins as activity-dependent substrate...

Axonal transport of synaptic vesicles (SVs) is a KIF1A/UNC-104 mediated process critical for synapse development and maintenance yet little is known of how SV transport is regulated. Using C. elegans as an in vivo model, we identified SAM-4 as a novel conserved vesicular component regulating SV transport. Processivity, but not velocity, of SV transport was reduced in sam-4 mutants. sam-4 displa...

Synaptic vesicles (SVs) are key structures for synaptic transmission in neurons. Numerous membrane-associated proteins are sorted from the Golgi complex to the axon and the presynaptic terminal. Protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions are involved with SV targeting in neurons. Interestingly, many SV proteins have lipid binding capability, primarily with either cholesterol or phosphoinosi...

Shell vial (SV) cultures for herpes simplex virus using primary rabbit kidney cells stained at 8 h after inoculation were compared with 20-h SV cultures as well as conventional tissue culture. Of the 326 clinical specimens examined, conventional culture detected 67, and of these, 61 (91%) and 42 (63%) were detected by 20-h SV cultures and 8-h SV cultures, respectively.

BACKGROUND Echocardiography combining Doppler and two-dimensional data is recommended for quantitative assessments of valvular regurgitation. We applied a new method to calculate the mitral annulus (MA) area in combination with multiple sample sites. Individuals without regurgitation in whom the valvular and left ventricular stroke volumes (SV) should be identical were investigated in order to ...

The present study examined the influence of dexamethasone (DEX) treatment on preadipocyte recruitment and expression of CCAAT/enhancing binding protein-alpha (C/EBPalpha) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) proteins in stromal-vascular (SV) cell cultures derived from neonatal subcutaneous adipose tissue and semitendinosus muscles. One adipose tissue SV cell culture ...

The overriding goal of software visualization (SV) technology is to be effective—that is, to provide functionality that people actually want to use (usefulness), and to provide non-problematic access to that functionality (usability). Nonetheless, the eight extant taxonomies of SV focus almost exclusively on technology expressiveness: the kinds of visualizations that can be produced with a syst...