OBJECTIVES We investigated the influence of genetic variation of the transforming growth-factor alpha (TGFA) locus on the relationship between smoking and oral clefts. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study 105 Iranian infants with non-syndromic cleft lip/palate and 218 controls with non-cleft birth defects were examined to test for associations among maternal exposures, genetic markers, and ora...

BACKGROUND Prior studies report a high incidence of airway complications in patients with Robin sequence following palatoplasty. The authors' institution uses polysomnography to assess risk of airway compromise before palatoplasty in Robin sequence. This study compares airway complications in Robin sequence to cleft palate only using this screening airway protocol and identifies risk factors fo...

OBJECTIVES We describe the methodology for a major study investigating the impact of reconfigured cleft care in the United Kingdom (UK) 15 years after an initial survey, detailed in the Clinical Standards Advisory Group (CSAG) report in 1998, had informed government recommendations on centralization. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION This is a UK multicentre cross-sectional study of 5-year-olds b...

Craniofacial defects involving the lip and/or palate are among the most common human birth defects. X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia results from loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the T-box transcription factor TBX22. Further studies show that TBX22 mutations are also found in around 5% of non-syndromic cleft palate patients. Although palate defects are obvious at birth, th...

The relatives of 741 newborn children with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL +/- P), of 115 with isolated cleft palate (CP), and of equal numbers of appropriate controls were screened for the presence of the same or different malformations. The main findings were as follows. (1) The frequency of familial cases of CL +/- P (17.3%) was much higher than the prevalence of thi...

Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is a common form of syndromic cleft lip and palate and accounts for approximately 2% of all cleft lip and palate cases. Distinguishing characteristics include cleft lip with or without cleft palate, isolated cleft palate, bilateral lip pits, hypodontia, normal intelligence, and an autosomal-dominant mode of transmission with a high degree of penetrance. Previously, ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate early maxillary arch changes in infants with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), using a simple measurement technique. MATERIAL AND METHOD A measurement model technique simplified from previously reported methods was used to analyze early maxillary changes of four non-syndromic complete BCLP. Study models of these cases were evaluated before presurgical ortho...

Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) disorders are commonly occurring congenital malformations and hearing impairment is a very common co-morbidity. Most previous research has only focused on middle ear disorders and related auditory consequences in this group. Studies of higher level auditory status and central auditory processing abilities of this group have been unsystematic. The present study was...

Non syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCLP) is a complex congenital anomaly with varying incidence among patients of different geographical origins. Multiple contributing factors are known to trigger the cleft formation. There are several genes involved in the aetiology of NSCLP and they are different in different populations. The genetic components of clefts that underlie the susceptibility ...

Non-syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFC), which include cleft lip and palate (CLP), cleft lip only (CLO), and cleft palate only (CPO), contains a range of disorders affecting the lips and oral cavity. No systematic review and meta-analysis has been carried out to synthesize the prevalence of NSOFC in Chinese perinatal infants. We aimed to quantify and understand the variation of prevalence nation...