All organisms, including bacteria, localize a fraction of all of their proteins partially or completely outside of the cytosol. Along the way, these proteins must cross at least one hydrophobic lipid membrane. The remarkable feat of delivering proteins across tightly sealed membranes is achieved largely by complex secretion machineries known as translocons. These machines recognize their substr...

Physical states of two-dimensional topological gauge theories are studied using the BRST formalism in the light-cone gauge. All physical states are obtained for the abelian theory. There are an infinite number of physical states with different ghost numbers. Simple examples of physical states in a non-abelian theory are also given. Two-dimensional topological gauge theories have recently appear...

As an extension of QCD, consider a theory with “2 + 1” flavors, where the current quark masses are held in a fixed ratio as the overall scale of the quark masses is varied. At nonzero temperature and baryon density it is expected that in the chiral limit the chiral phase transition is of first order. Increasing the quark mass from zero, the chiral transition becomes more weakly first order, and...

In this study, we compare the performance of the POWER3 processor and the new IBM eServer pSeries 690. The pSeries 690 can scale up to 32-way POWER4 processor at 1.3 GHz and 1.1 GHz. To perform this comparison we used the Gaussian98 Revision A.11 series of electronic structure programs. It is an integrated system to model molecular systems under a variety of conditions, carrying out its calcula...

It is pointed out that the ambiguity which characterizes gauge conditions of the type 3' S Aa(x)V = PJU C;(x) for nonAbelian gauge theories is also characteristic of the so-called axial-like gauge conditions n.Aa = C;(x), where, here, A; is the nonAbelian gauge potential, B = IJJV g orp 'g -66 n is a four-vector such that ClV PV PV PO vo' p n2 = 0, 1, or-l,andCt 2 are usually Aa-independent fun...

23 Two independent twin-arginine translocases (Tat) for protein secretion were previously 24 identified in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. These consist of the TatAd-TatCd 25 and TatAy-TatCy subunits. The function of a third TatA subunit named TatAc was unknown. 26 Here we show that TatAc can form active protein translocases with TatCd and TatCy. 27 28 29 Protein transport from t...

We demonstrate the utility of the periodic orbit description of chaotic motion by computing from a few periodic orbits highly accurate estimates of a large number of quantum resonances for the classically chaotic 3-disk scattering problem. The symmetry decompositions of the eigenspectra are the same for the classical and the quantum problem, and good agreement between the periodic orbit estimat...

•Reveal mechanical enhancement of merged frameworks in reticular chemistry•Computational calculation three mechanisms impacts MOFs' stability•Synthesis a high-mechanical-stability mesoporous mixed-linker MOF, RE-sph-MOF-5•AFM stability study synthesized sph-MOFs The linker expansion, affording extra-large, free open space metal-organic (MOFs), is generally accompanied by decrease their stabilit...

In Gram-negative bacteria two systems are responsible for the post-translational translocation of proteins across the inner membrane. The general secretory (Sec) system transports unfolded proteins, whereas the twin arginine translocation (Tat) system transports folded proteins. Substrates of both systems are recognized via similar N-terminal signal sequences. Co-translational recognition of th...

The twin-arginine transport pathway is a protein-targeting system dedicated to the transmembrane translocation of fully folded proteins. In bacteria, proteins are targeted to a membrane-embedded Tat translocase by specialized N-terminal twin-arginine signal peptides bearing an SRRXFLK amino acid motif. Complex cofactor-containing Tat substrates, such as DmsA and TorA, acquire their redox cofact...