OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of staining solutions on the color stability and roughness of different provisional resin material. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three different materials were tested (two polymethylmethacrylate and one bis-acryl composite resins) in cola and coffee and for 1 and 4 weeks. 240 specimens were used - half of them polished and other half not. Co...

Abstract Global environmental changes have implications for the terrestrial ecosystem functioning, but disentangling individual effects remains elusive. The impact of vegetation responses to increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations is particularly poorly understood. As concentration increases, acts as a fertilizer plant growth. An increase in reduces amount water needed produce an equivalent ...

Estimating long-term trends and short-term amplitudes requires reliable temperature (Temp) observations in the pre-industrial period when few situ existed Arctic. Tree-ring materials are most available used to reconstruct past Arctic Temp variations. However, previous studies incorporated that insensitive local variabilities. The derived reconstruction qualities low (indicated by calibration R2...

Climate is a strong predictor of the geographic distribution tree species, and thus climate change may trigger shifts in species and/or its demographic structure. In study, we aim to comprehensively compare distributions four life stages European beech (Fagus sylvatica) (i.e., regeneration, recruitment, young trees mature trees) forests Slovenia, Central Europe, which are characterized by gradi...

Heterogeneous environments are typically expected to maintain more genetic variation in fitness within populations than homogeneous environments. However, the accuracy of this claim depends on the form of heterogeneity as well as the genetic basis of fitness traits and how similar the assay environment is to the environment of past selection. Here, we measure quantitative genetic (QG) variance ...

Research on effects of key weather stimuli influencing waterfowl migration during autumn and winter is limited. We investigated relationships between changes in relative abundances of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and other dabbling ducks (Anas spp.) and weather variables at midlatitude locations in North America. We used waterfowl survey data from Missouri Conservation Areas and temperature and...