Ischemia of vital organs causes various degrees of impairment. We studied the in vitro effects of ischemia on the function of the rat bladder. Ischemia was induced by ligation of the bilateral (bilateral ischemia) or right (unilateral ischemia) internal iliac arteries. Bladder weight increased significantly following 1 week of bilateral and unilateral ischemia. Passive tension was significantly...

The radial stretching of a hollow thin membrane without compressive strength is considered within the framework of the small strain tension field theory. For each type of the uniform boundary conditions, the loading plane is partitioned into the domains of biaxial tension, tension field and buckling. The extent of these domains critically depends on the value of the Poisson’s coefficient and on...

In frog fast skeletal muscle, we find a decline of twitch, tetanus, and maximum K and caffeine contracture tensions as tonicity of the bathing solution is increased. The decline of tension independent of the method of producing contraction indicates that the major effect of hypertonicity is directly on contractile tension probably because of the increased internal ionic strength. However, there...

Rocks are less resistant to tension than compression or shear. Tension cracks commonly initiate shear failure. The mechanical behavior of layered rocks under has been studied extensively, whereas the tensile still remains uncertain. In this paper, we study effect layer orientation on strength and failure patterns direct indirect through experimental numerical testing (RFPA2D: software Rock Fail...

Motivated by the high level of strength and toughness of spider silk and its multifunctional nature, this paper reports on the engineering properties of individual fibers from Nephila Clavipes spider drag line under uniaxial tension, transverse compression and torsional deformation. The tensile properties were compared to the Argiope Aurentia spider silk and show different ultimate strength but...

The force development by calcium-activated skinned frog skeletal muscle fibers and the motion on a slow time base after a quick decrease in load were studied at 0-1 degrees C as a function of the ionic strength and the degree of activation. The ionic strength was varied between 50 and 190 mM by adding appropriate concentrations of KCl to the bathing solution. Under these conditions, the fibers ...

We evaluated adhesion strength to acrylic resins under various experimental conditions and viscosity of 4 cream-type denture adhesives and 2 mouth moisturizers. The viscosity was determined by a sine-wave vibro viscometer. The adhesion strength tests were performed with 2 resin plates at a universal tester. In Method A, various constant thicknesses of material layer were tested and tensile stre...

The mechanical properties, as revealed by minute length changes, of isolated twitch fibers of the frog have been studied at rest and during low-level activation. Resting tension is 77 +/- 23 mN/cm(2) (mean +/- SD) at 2.2 microm sarcomere length.(1) The slope of the tension curve (DeltaP/DeltaL) recorded during a constant-speed length change of a resting fiber is initially large. At length chang...

Plain concrete structures such as dams or retaining walls, as well as rock structures such as tunnels, caverns, excavations, and rock slopes, have commonly been designed by elastic-perfectly plastic analysis in which the tensile yield strength of the material is taken as zero. The paper analyzes the safety of this "notension" design in the light of the finiteness of the tensile strength of conc...