Whether anthropogenic mortality is additive or compensatory to natural mortality in animal populations has long been a question of theoretical and practical importance. Theoretically, under density-dependent conditions populations compensate for anthropogenic mortality through decreases in natural mortality and/or increases in productivity, but recent studies of large carnivores suggest that an...

Paediatric liver transplantation is a highly effective therapy for children with end-stage liver disease; 1-year survival rates currently exceed 90% and long-term survivors enjoy an almost-normal quality of life. Key to the success of paediatric liver transplantation has been the technical refinement to provide children with suitably sized grafts. Adult-to-paediatric living donor liver transpla...

We appreciate the comments of Totaro and Zattera [1]. As they correctly point out, surgical treatment of complicated active aortic valve endocarditis can be challenging, in particular, in the presence of perivalvular abscess cavities. In effect, such a scenario requires the treatment of each of the two components, i.e. valve destruction and perivalvular extension. Different surgical options exi...

The number of lambs sold per ewe mated in the breeding flock has a considerable impact on sheep operation profitability. This depends primarily on fertility, prolificacy (# of lambs), and lamb survival, mothering ability, milk production of the ewe and lamb growth rate. Optimal reproduction does vary by environment and management system – some sheep operations don’t want a lambing rate over 200...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Bosentan has proven efficacy in pulmonary hypertension in the short term. Little is known about its effects beyond 2 to 3 years. Our objective was to analyze the efficacy and safety of bosentan in the long term (5 years) in patients treated in our center. METHODS This retrospective study sequentially analyzed clinical, functional, and laboratory parameters in a ser...

background: since variceal bleeding due to portal hypertension is associated with a high mortality rate, effective treatment leads to improved survival. endoscopic sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for bleeding esophageal varices, but it is associated with significant complications. to determine the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sclerotherapy, we evaluated the patients with variceal b...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the early and mid-term results of the first 100 elective endovascular repairs for abdominal aortic aneurysms. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. SETTING University teaching hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS The first 100 patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms who underwent elective endovascular repair. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Peri...

PURPOSE Submerged and nonsubmerged ITI solid-screw titanium implants were followed retrospectively from 1989 to 1993 and prospectively from 1994 on to analyze long-term prognosis in partially and fully edentulous patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 468 implants were consecutively inserted in 191 patients from 1989 to 1998. Two hundred twenty-eight successfully integrated fixed-restorati...