Fairness in traffic management can improve the isolation between traffic streams, offer a more predictable performance, eliminate transient bottlenecks, mitigate the effect of certain kinds of denial-ofservice attacks, and serve as a critical component of a quality-ofservice strategy to achieve certain guaranteed services such as delay bounds and minimum bandwidths. While fairness in bandwidth ...

Many temporal logic properties of interest involve both state and action predicates and only hold under suitable fairness assumptions. Temporal logics supporting both state and action predicates such as the Temporal Logic of Rewriting (TLR) can be used to express both the desired properties and the fairness assumptions. However, model checking such properties directly can easily become impossib...

Abstract Efforts to promote equitable public policy with algorithms appear be fundamentally constrained by the “impossibility of fairness” (an incompatibility between mathematical definitions fairness). This technical limitation raises a central question about algorithmic fairness: How can computer scientists and policymakers support reforms algorithms? In this article, I argue that promoting j...

In this paper, we study rate allocation for a set of end-to-end communication sessions in multi-radio wireless mesh networks. We propose cross-layer schemes to solve the joint rate allocation, routing, scheduling, power control and channel assignment problems with the goals of maximizing network throughput and achieving certain fairness. Fairness is addressed using both a simplified max-min fai...

The important research issue that is to be tackled in multihop ad hoc wireless network is the guarantee of fairness for concurrent flows in rate based transport protocol (Radunovic et al 2004). In this chapter, throughput unfairness of concurrent flow is analyzed. The end-to-end throughput of a packet flow degrades significantly with the increase in the number of its transmission hops. Fairness...

In this paper, a generalized fairness criterion referred to as the Generalized Weighted Fairness Criterion (GWFC) for flow control on ABR service is presented. Within the GWFC framework, a weight is assigned to each ABR connection and bandwidth is allocated to it in proportion to the corresponding weight. The GWFC can generalize fairness sub-criteria for prioritized services, and in particular,...

We present a set of five axioms for fairness measures in resource allocation. A family of fairness measures satisfying the axioms is constructed. Well-known notions such as αfairness, Jain’s index and entropy are shown to be special cases. Properties of fairness measures satisfying the axioms are proven, including Schur-concavity. Among the engineering implications is a new understanding of α-f...

The belief in immanent justice is the expectation that the universe is designed to ensure that evil is punished and virtue rewarded. What makes this belief so ‘natural’? Here, we suggest that this intuition of immanent justice derives from our evolved sense of fairness. In cases where a misdeed is followed by a misfortune, our sense of fairness construes the misfortune as a way to compensate fo...

How and why do moral judgments vary across the political spectrum? To test moral foundations theory (J. Haidt & J. Graham, 2007; J. Haidt & C. Joseph, 2004), the authors developed several ways to measure people's use of 5 sets of moral intuitions: Harm/care, Fairness/reciprocity, Ingroup/loyalty, Authority/respect, and Purity/sanctity. Across 4 studies using multiple methods, liberals consisten...

How and why do moral judgments vary across the political spectrum? To test moral foundations theory (J. Haidt & J. Graham, 2007; J. Haidt & C. Joseph, 2004), the authors developed several ways to measure people’s use of 5 sets of moral intuitions: Harm/care, Fairness/reciprocity, Ingroup/loyalty, Authority/ respect, and Purity/sanctity. Across 4 studies using multiple methods, liberals consiste...