Benign and malignant nodules in human thyroid glands, which did not concentrate iodide in vivo, were also unable to accumulate iodide in vitro. The mean thyroid-to-medium ratio (T/M) in seven benign nodules was 0.8+/-0.2 compared with 7+/-2 in adjacent normal thyroid tissue. In four malignant thyroid nodules, the mean T/M was 0.5+/-0.1 compared with 11+/-4 in adjacent normal thyroid. Despite th...

Two-phase voltammetry has been carried out using a reverse cell configuration, i.e. with the lower density organic solvent on the top of the aqueous solution in the cell, where the organic solvents contain either nitrile or ketone functional groups. The transfer of tetraphenylarsonium TPAs(+), tetrabutylammonium TBA(+), tetrapropylammonium TPrA(+), and perchlorate CIO4(-) ions across these liqu...

Perchlorate competitively blocks iodide from entering the thyroid by an effect on the Na+/I- symporter thus preventing the further synthesis of thyroid hormone but has no effect on the iodination process itself. It is concentrated by thyroid tissue in a manner similar to iodide but is not significantly metabolized in the gland or peripherally. What is not settled is whether there are additional...

Iodine deficiency is a common phenomenon, threatening the whole global human population. Recommended daily intake of iodine is 150 μg for adults and 250 μg for pregnant and breastfeeding women. About 50% of human population can be at risk of moderate iodine deficiency. Due to this fact, increased iodine supplementation is recommended, through intake of iodized mineral water and salt iodization....

Iodine is an essential trace element for life. Iodide deficiency can lead to defective biosynthesis of thyroid hormones and is a major cause of hypothyroidism and mental retardation. Excess iodide intake, however, has been linked to different thyroidal diseases. How excess iodide causes harmful effects is not well understood. Here, we found that the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits deve...

609 samples of drinking water collected from scattered sources from the eight districts of Kandy, Matale, Kalutara, Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Colombo,. Puttalam and Gampaha were analysed for iodide content using the Orion electrode method. The median iodide content of all districts except Gampaha were above 10 u g / 1 , with Anuradhapura showing the highest content. Districts with low prevalen...

Methyl iodide is a well-known volatile halogenated organic compound that contributes to the iodine content in the troposphere, potentially resulting in damage to the ozone layer. Most methyl iodide sources derive from biological activity in oceans and soils with very few abiotic mechanisms proposed in the literature. In this study we report that synthetic manganese oxide (birnessite δ-MnO2) can...

In porcine thyroid cells, thyroglobulin sulfation is controlled by thyrotropin (TSH) and iodide, which contribute to regulating the intracellular sulfate concentration, as we previously established. Here, we studied the transport of sulfate and its regulation by these two effectors. Kinetic studies were performed after [(35)S]sulfate was added to either the basal or apical medium of cell monola...

Ultrasonic velocities in solution of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) in 10, 20 and 30 %w/w N, N– dimethylformamide (DMF)-water mixtures were measured at 303 K, 308 K and 313 K by using the pulse echo overlap method at a frequency of 3 MHz. The ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity were used to calculate the adiabatic compressibility, apparent molal compressibility, apparent molal volume...