Visual understanding, such as image caption generation, has received extensive attention. Describing images with textual information is one way to help people achieve barrier-free visibility. This study focuses on the text-based captioning (TextCaps) task. The TextCaps task more complex than traditional because it depends optical character recognition (OCR) and that appears in image. It also re...

In recent years, the exponential growth of digital documents has been met by rapid progress in text classification techniques. Newly proposed machine learning algorithms leverage latest advancements deep methods, allowing for automatic extraction expressive features. The swift development these methods led to a plethora strategies encode natural language into machine-interpretable data. modelli...

Translation can have long-term effects on all languages and cultures. It is not a mere linguistic act, but mostly a cultural act, since language is by nature one of the major carriers of cultural elements. Thus, the translator’s job is not just transferring the meaning of words and sentences from the source text to the target text. Culture-specific items often cause translation problems. Identi...