The predictive accuracy of various econometric models, including random walks, vector autoregressive and vector error-correction models, are investigated using daily futures prices of 4 commodities (the S&P500 index, treasury bonds, gold and crude oil). All models are estimated using a rolling window approach, and evaluated by both in-sample and out-of-sample performance measures. The criteria ...

Accurate understanding of surgical tool-tip tracking error is important for decision making in image-guided surgery. In this Letter, the authors present a novel method to estimate/model surgical tool-tip tracking error in which they take pivot calibration uncertainty into consideration. First, a new type of error that is referred to as total target registration error (TTRE) is formally defined ...

in this paper, forecasting error for state tax revenues is assessed. for this purpose, using the regression equation, statistical index, and mean percent error, root mean square error, mean absolute percent error and error analysis of tile inequality coefficients are applied on anticipated revenue from taxes on legal entities, income taxes, wealth tax, taxes on imports and taxes on consumption ...

in this study greenhouse tomato production was investigated from energy consumption and greenhouse gas (ghg) emission point of views. moreover, artificial neural networks (anns) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (anfis) were employed to model energy consumption for greenhouse tomato production. total energy input and output were calculated as 1316.14 and 281.1 gj/ha. among the all ener...

BACKGROUND In pediatric resuscitation, it is necessary to distinguish the weight in order to provide proper doses of drugs, equipment selection, and ventilator settings, therefore, access to a simple, unbiased, and accurate formula can decrease mistakes. The aim of this study is to determine the percentage of error (PE) of different weight estimation methods toward actual weight in children adm...

in this study, activated sludge process for wastewater treatment in a refinery was investigated. for such purpose, a laboratory scale rig was built. the effect of several parameters such as temperature, residence time, effect of leca (filling-in percentage of the reactor by leca) and uv radiation on cod removal efficiency were experimentally examined. maximum cod removal efficiency was obtained...

Background: Medication errors due to different reasons may alter the outcome of all patients, especially patients with drug poisoning. We introduce one of the most common type of medication error in the present article. Case: A 48 year old woman with suspected organophosphate poisoning was died due to lethal medication error. Unfortunately these types of errors are not rare and had some preven...

in this paper, the energy demand of transport sector from 1385 to 1400 is forecasted based on fuzzy linear regression (flr) approach considering economic and social indicators. in order to analyze the influence of economic and social indicators on energy demand of transport sector, gross domestic product (gdp), population and the total number of vehicles in 1372-1384 were regarded. in this rese...