the security of contractual relation is the important aims of contract law to the extent that is discussed as one of the fundamental principles in european law. the guarantee to protect is one of the affecting rules to establishing the security of contractual relation that in the iranian civil code under the incomplete influence of islamic and french law, is based on the protection of ownership...

Ta Tsing Leu Lee is an important milestone in China’s legal history. The well-established law code has rich content, including provisions on the basic principles of criminal law, identification and punishment various crimes, judicial procedures. promulgation implementation promoted transformation traditional system to a modern one had profound impact later research China. English version this b...

Women’s lack of legal veiling, as the non-feasance of a divine obligation in the Islamic society, is a criminal act for which the law has foreseen punishment. This behavior and its instances are called “tabarruj” (bedizenment) in the Islamic narrations. Notwithstanding the viewpoint of those who follow the superficial enlightenments of recent centuries and do not consider bedizenment so reprehe...

This article describes (1) the relationship between the demands made by feminist movements of the 1970s in cases of sexual violence and criticism of the criminal justice system by these movements and other groups, including the prisoners’ movement; and (2) the relationship between this debate and the legal process of reforming the definition and punishment of rape. Two periods are analyzed. In ...

Two reform movements transformed American criminal law in the quarter century that began in the late 1960s. Their origins and effects were starkly different, and their conflict meant that, on core choices about the basis for criminal liability, one movement had to win and the other had to lose. The first movement was the wave of criminal code reform inspired by the American Law Institute’s Mode...

Sexual harassment in verbal and non-verbal forms has become increasingly prevalent globally. This study revealed cases of sexual cyberspace accordance with National Law regulations Indonesia on immortality, such as the Criminal Code Number 4 2008 concerning Pornography 13 Of 2006 Legal Protection Witnesses Victims. Meanwhile, Islamic legal order, is seen discussion Jinayah Fiqh, classified jari...

In the last few years, new ways of punishing sex offenders have been introduced in many modern societies. However, these sanctions have a broader significance than this: they are part of a broader set of penal arrangements-directed at the criminal population as a whole-which represents a new punitiveness. This seems to be moving the direction of legal punishment beyond the established parameter...

a jurisprudential and legal survey on reflection of fairness in the special legal acts siroos shahriyari [1] hamid miri (ph.d.) [2]     abstract with a view to foreign and domestic law and jurisprudence, it is appeared that there are streaks of making attention to the fairness factor behind of confronting some special legal acts such as usury and mortgage contracts, penal and non-liability clau...

blood money dilution is, inter alia, serious objective and unique quality conducted in four ways. intensifying or dilution of blood money is unique to murder crime differs in terms of time and location of murder in haram months or in mecca. islamic penal law ratified in 2013 has followed jurisprudents’ opinion in some cases of blood money dilution while in the case of execution, judiciary has i...