Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare cancer and one of the least common thyroid cancers. It is also the most aggressive and lethal of the thyroid cancers. Management with an eye towards palliative care and symptom control is an integral component of treatment because the disease is almost uniformly fatal, with death frequently associated with airway obstruction (disease-specific mortality ...

background: pregnancy has a huge impact on the thyroid function in both healthy women and those that have thyroid dysfunction. the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women is relatively high. objective: the objective of this review was to increase awareness and to provide a review on adverse effect of thyroid dysfunction including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmun...

Abstract Background: Graves’ Orbitopathy, also known as Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) is a severe ocular manifestation of Disease. It manifests an autoantibody mediated reaction to the thyroid hormone stimulating receptor (TSH-R), these receptors are closely linked with insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1R). The TSH-R antibodies play major role in pathogenesis TED. activation and IGF-1R on orbital ...

BACKGROUND Ophthalmopathy is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease. However, in approximately 5% of cases this autoimmune eye disorder occurs in the apparent absence of Graves' hyperthyroidism: the so-called euthyroid Graves' disease (EGD). METHODS Seven patients with EGD were followed for evidence of thyroid and orbital autoimmunity, for up to 10 years. Calsequestri...