Dual-control ventilation modes were introduced with the goal of combining the advantages of volume-control ventilation (constant minute ventilation) and pressure-control ventilation (rapid, variable flow). Dual-control ventilation modes have gained popularity despite little evidence to support routine use. The individual operation and response of the dual-control modes must be understood by the...

The relationship of respiratory sinus arrhythmia amplitude (RSA) to tidal volume and breathing frequency was quantified during voluntarily controlled tidal volume and breathing frequency and spontaneous quiet breathing. Seventeen seated subjects breathed via mouthpiece and nose-clip, maintaining constant tidal volumes at each of several breathing frequencies. Inspiratory breath hold was zero fr...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to observe the effect of recruitment maneuver (RM) and post-RM ventilation at different tidal volume on lung vascular diastole endothelial function in rats with acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS A ALI rat model was produced by intravenous infusion of lipopolysaccharide (6 mg/ kg). Twenty-five rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group (n=5), ALI grou...

BACKGROUND Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is associated with inflammatory responses in the lung. Thrombomodulin (TM), a component of the coagulation system, has anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory effects. We hypothesized that the administration of recombinant human soluble TM (rhsTM) would block the development of lung injury. METHODS Lung injury was induced by high tidal volume venti...

BACKGROUND High-tidal-volume mechanical ventilation and hyperoxia used in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) can induce the release of cytokines, including high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), oxygen radicals, neutrophil infiltration, and the disruption of epithelial and endothelial barriers. Hyperoxia has been shown to increase ventilator-induced lung injury, but the mechanisms regulating int...

RATIONALE Tidal volume and plateau pressure limitation decreases mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Computed tomography demonstrated a small, normally aerated compartment on the top of poorly aerated and nonaerated compartments that may be hyperinflated by tidal inflation. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that despite tidal volume and plateau pressure limitation, patients with a larg...

Low-tidal-volume ventilation reduces mortality in patients with ARDS, but there are often challenges in implementing lung-protective ventilation, such as acidosis from hypercapnia. In a patient with severe ARDS we achieved adequate ventilation with a very low tidal volume (4 mL/kg ideal body weight) by inducing mild hypothermia (body temperature 35-36°C).

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A new assessment system for bone histology, termed the turnover-mineralization-volume system, is advocated for patients with chronic kidney disease-related mineral and bone disorder. The system measures cancellous bone volume (BV/TV) as a third major evaluation axis; however, the physiologic significance of BV/TV remains unclear. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEAS...

OBJECTIVE To analyze and compare lung function of obese and healthy, normal-weight children and adolescents, without asthma, through spirometry and volumetric capnography. METHODS Cross-sectional study including 77 subjects (38 obese) aged 5-17 years. All subjects underwent spirometry and volumetric capnography. The evaluations were repeated in obese subjects after the use of a bronchodilator...

submitted for oral presentation AUTOMATED RESPIRATORY CYCLES SELECTION IMPROVES THE VARIABILITY OF RESPIRATORY MECHANICS MONITORING. Vincent Rigo, Estelle Graas, Jacques Rigo 1 Neonatal intensive care, CHU and University of Liège, Belgium 2 Nomics sa, Liège, Belgium. Background: The variability of on-line respiratory mechanics (RM) data decreases its use as a tool to monitor ventilated infants....