IBNtxA (3'-iodobenzoyl-6β-naltrexamide) is a potent analgesic in mice lacking many traditional opioid side effects. In mice, it displays no respiratory depression, does not produce physical dependence with chronic administration, and shows no cross-tolerance to morphine. It has limited effects on gastrointestinal transit and shows no reward behavior. Biochemical studies indicate its actions are...

Plants, being sessile in nature, have developed mechanisms to cope with high salt concentrations in the soil. In this study, the effects of NaCl (50-200 mM) on expression of high-affinity potassium transporters (HKTs), antioxidant enzymes and their isozyme profiles were investigated in two contrasting bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes viz., HD2329 (salt-sensitive) and Kharchia65 (sal...

BACKGROUND Previous research has suggested that supplementation with delphinidin-rich maqui berry extract Delphinol® significantly alters postprandial carbohydrate metabolism and acutely lowers both insulin and glucose at fasting conditions. Additionally, the maqui berry extract affects absorption of glucose, which was attributed by other groups to SGLT1-inhibition. METHODS Because this activ...

OBJECTIVE Metabolic risk and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) prevalence were compared in Africans who immigrated to the U.S. and African Americans. If MetSyn were an effective predictor of cardiometabolic risk, then the group with a worse metabolic risk profile would have a higher rate of MetSyn. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional analyses were performed on 95 men (39 Africans, 56 Africa...

The inflammatory infiltrate in atherosclerotic plaque is composed of T cells and macrophages. CD4+ T cells with a unique phenotype, CD4+CD28null, are preferentially recruited into culprit lesions. These T cells are distinct from classic CD4+CD28+ T cells in gene expression and function, including their ability to mediate cytolysis. In this study, we have investigated the regulation of CD4+CD28n...

Quality of products depends on various factors. The most important factors are inspection and measurement. The products have to be controlled in all phases of manufacturing. The production of automotive parts, medical devices, sport equipments or any other body parts has to be controlled in all phases of production. The most important usage is in sheet metal work-piece inspection. One of the la...

An optimisation method using both global and local optimisation is implemented to determine the flapping profile which will produce the most lift for an experimental wing-actuation system. The optimisation method is tested using a numerical quasi-steady analysis. Results of an optimised flapping profile show a 20% increase in lift generated as compared to flapping profiles obtained by high spee...

Induction of peripheral tolerance by oral administration of low-dose beta-tubulin antigen may be an effective, antigen-specific method to suppress experimental autoimmune hearing loss. Five groups of mice were fed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), ovalbumin (OVA), 20, 30 or 200 microg of beta-tubulin, respectively. All mice were then immunized by beta-tubulin. Hearing thresholds were measur...

There is some evidence that insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) may intervene in the control of T cell differentiation. To further study the immunoregulatory function of this growth factor, we analyzed the immune system of Igf2-/- mice. Phenotypically, some immunological parameters such as lymphoid organ morphology and cellularity were unaltered in Igf2-/- mice, but an increase of CD8+ cells a...