Tone is an essential component for word formation in all tone languages. Substantial work has been done on using tone information to improve speech recognition of tone languages. In this paper, a new method, called Parallel Tone Score Association (PTSA), for effectively and efficiently using tone in speech recognition is proposed. Experimental results show that the relative character error rate...

Single crystals of 8-hydroxy-5-nitroquinolinium p-toluene sulfonate (HNT) were grown by the slow evaporation solution growth technique. The structure was elucidated single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and crystal belongs to monoclinic system with space group C2/c. crystallinity HNT studied powder analysis. presence functional groups determined FT-IR spectral band gap energy is estimated ...

The first enantioselective organocatalytic amine conjugate addition has been successfully developed. The application of LUMO-lowering iminium catalysis has enabled the highly chemo- and enantioselective 1,4-addition of a rationally designed N-silyloxycarbamate nucleophile (HOMO-raised) to alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes. Imidazolidinone 2*pTSA was found to catalyze the addition of various orth...

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a hydrophilic polymer well known for good film forming properties, high water vapor permeance JW, and low nitrogen permeance. However, depending on molar mass temperature, PVA swells strongly in until complete dissolution. This behavior affects the usability of aqueous environments makes cross-linking necessary if higher structural integrity envisaged. In this work, n...

A number of SO3H-functionalized solids (biochar, montmorillonites, carbon and halloysite nanotubes) has been studied as catalysts in the cascade Prins-Ritter reaction (-)-isopulegol with benzaldehyde acetonitrile for synthesis octahydro-2H-chromene amides (as 4R- 4S-isomers). high selectivity to these products at 30 °C presence H2O was observed on modified chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) reaching 84%...