Erosions of articular cartilage are often seen in the knee joint in association with certain internal derangements such as meniscus tears or after recurrent subluxation of the patella (Helfet 1959, Smillie 1962). Also a number of studies have appeared on the pathology of articular cartilage after injury, both in man (Landells 1957) and in experimental animals (Barnett 1956. Tallqvist 1962, Meac...

The patient reported that his mouth and throat were painful and he had difficulty in swallowing food. Initially, the ulcers had persisted over the two weeks following the prescription of Dynexan®, Augmentin 1g BDS for 5 days, Andolex C® and Mucain mouthwash®, by his general practitioner. Subsequent referral to an ENT surgeon had resulted in confirmation of an extra-oesophageal reflux component....

primary tooth impaction is a rare finding during the development of primary dentition. several factors contribute to the impaction of a deciduous tooth. this report describes the diagnosis and treatment of a 10-year-old boy who presented an impacted second primary mandibular molar. this tooth, located inferior to the second premolar together with an odontoma, was positioned superior to the prem...

background bleaching of traumatized discolored teeth is considered an important issue in esthetic dentistry. various methods have been introduced for bleaching, some of which may have adverse effects on soft or hard tissues of the tooth. objectives the objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of ktp laser bleaching on enamel of traumatized teeth. materials and methods a square of 36 m...

Erosion is one of the important unlikely problems in oil refining industry that produces many damages and values to refining parts. In other part stop of refining operation for repairing is very expensive. Many erosions are happened in refining operations when equipments are placed to atmosphere, Powerful acids, eruption gases, hydrocarbon vampires and high temperature make very complex situati...

RANK ligand (RANKL) is a key mediator of osteoclast formation, function, and survival. Therefore, RANKL is thought to be responsible for osteoclast-mediated bone resorption in a broad range of disorders such as postmenopausal osteoporosis and cancer-induced bone disease. Moreover, RANKL has been implicated as a primary mediator of bone erosions, a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Denosuma...

Bone erosion is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis. Recent evidence from experimental arthritis suggests that osteoclasts are essential for the formation of local bone erosions. Two essential regulators of osteoclastogenesis have recently been described: the receptor-activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand, which promotes osteoclast maturation, and osteoprotegerin (OPG), which blocks osteocl...

Departments of Dermatology and Pathology and tory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the ity of Pennsylvania and the Department of Medicine, of Dermatology, Pritzker School of Medicine at the ity of Chicago. ources: None. f interest: None declared. dence to: Caroline A. Nelson, MD, 3600 Spruce Street, 2 y Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104. E-mail: Caroline. @uphs.upenn.edu. JAAD Case Repor...