PURPOSE Pirfenidone (5-methyl-1-phenyl-2-[1H]-pyridone) is a new, broad-spectrum agent that has an inhibition effect on the proliferation, migration, and collagen contraction of human Tenon's fibroblasts, and thus modulating the wound healing process of glaucoma filtering surgical site. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of topically administered pirfenidone (0.5%) in rabbit eyes. M...

clinical studies suggest that essential oil of eugenia caryophyllata (clove) buds (eoec) is efficacious in the treatment of dental pain. in the present study, we investigated the analgesic and local anesthetic effects of eoec and its possible mechanisms of action in acute corneal pain in rats. eoec was extracted by hydro-distillation in a clevenger type apparatus from clove buds. the acute corn...

PURPOSE To evaluate patient's reliability in the administration of eyedrops. METHOD The study is based on a randomised, controlled clinical trial in which a steroid-containing drug delivery system (DDS) was directly compared to conventional steroid eyedrops after cataract surgery. 32 eyes undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction with intra-ocular lens insertion received a DDS, while 31 ey...

Retinal neurodegeneration is an early event in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Somatostatin (SST) is an endogenous neuroprotective peptide that is downregulated in the diabetic eye. The aim of the study was to test the usefulness of topical administration of SST in preventing retinal neurodegeneration. For this purpose, rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (STZ-DM) ...

Topical application of nerve growth factor (NGF) and adrenergic receptor pharmaceutics are currently in use for corneal ulcers and glaucoma. A recent interest in the neuroprotective abilities of NGF has led to a renewed interest in NGF as a therapeutic for retinal and choroidal diseases. NGF can promote cell proliferation through actions of the TrkA receptor or promote apoptosis through recepto...

Administration of topical rebamipide improves the ocular surface in dry eye. We consecutively studied seven eyes in seven cases (three males and four females) with mild lagophthalmos (three cases after eyelid surgery, two cases of incomplete facial nerve palsy, and two cases of senile ectropion) during the treatment of corneal disorders with rebamipide eye drops four times daily for 2 weeks. Th...

BACKGROUND Multiple studies claim that caudal administration of ketamine causes effective postoperative analgesia. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical effectiveness of ketamine after caudal or topical administration in pediatric patients undergoing inguinal herniotomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS This randomized, comparative, double-blind study included eighty children (aged 6 months to...

PURPOSE This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical application of antifibrinolytic drugs to reduce postoperative bleeding and transfusion requirements in patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery. METHODS We searched The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE and SCI-EXPANDED for all randomized controlled trials on the topic. Trial inclusion, quality assessment, ...

background and aims. oral lichen planus (olp) is a common chronic mucocutaneous disease. patients with atrophic and erosive lichen planus often have symptoms of soreness and need proper treatment. the main therapy of olp has been the administration of topical or systemic corticosteroids. potent topical corticosteroids have been increasingly prescribed in the treatment of erosive lichen planus. ...