Abstract In Hyland et al. (1980), Hyland, Johnstone and Pitts introduced the notion of tripos for purpose organizing construction realizability toposes in a way that generalizes localic from complete Heyting algebras. (2002), one finds generalization this eliminating an unnecessary assumption (1980). The aim paper is to characterize triposes over base topos ${\cal S}$ terms so-called constant o...

Type II DNA topoisomerases (topos) catalyse changes in DNA topology by passing one double-stranded DNA segment through another. This reaction is essential to processes such as replication and transcription, but carries with it the inherent danger of permanent double-strand break (DSB) formation. All type II topos hydrolyse ATP during their reactions; however, only DNA gyrase is able to harness ...

This paper deals with topos-theoretic truth-value valuations of quantum propositions. Concretely, a mathematical framework of a specific type of modal approach is extended to the topos theory, and further, structures of the obtained truth-value valuations are investigated. What is taken up is the modal approach based on a determinate lattice D(e,R), which is a sublattice of the lattice L of all...