In the codling moth Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) plant volatiles attract males and females by upwind flight and synergise the male response to the female-produced sex pheromone, indicating a close relationship between the perception of social and environmental olfactory signals. We have studied the anatomical and functional organisation of the antennal lobe (AL), the primary olfac...

BACKGROUND The codling moth is one of the principal pests of apple in the world. Resistance monitoring is crucial to the effective management of resistance in codling moth. Three populations of codling moth in neonate larvae were evaluated for resistance to seven insecticides via diet bioassays, and compared with a susceptible population. In addition, apple plots were treated with labeled field...

Field investigations were conducted to determine the resting locations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella [L.]) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) males and females in mating disrupted and nondisrupted apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard plots. A custom-made sampling device, consisting of a leaf blower converted into a powerful vacuum, yielded 20-24% success in recovering marked moths, released in th...

J Econ Entomol 82(6): 1825-1829 (1989) ABSTRACT Oriental fruit moth, Ctapholita molesta (Busck), was reared on modifications of a previously developed small lima bean diet Initial experiments showed that different types of beans substituted for lima beans produced similar yields of oriental fruit moth pupae Fresh, thinning apples provided the best diet for high yields and high pupal weights, bu...

As sessile organisms, plants have evolved different methods to defend against attacks and have adapted their defense measures to discriminate between mechanical damage and herbivory by insects. One of the ways that plant defenses are triggered is via elicitors from insect oral secretions (OS). In this study, we investigated the ability of second-instar (L2) spruce budworm [SBW; Choristoneura fu...

The alkenyl acetates £9-12:Ac, zl l l -12:Ac and Zl l -14:Ac were identified as minor components of the C. murinana female pheromone blend by chemical analyses of volatile pheromone gland constituents and potential pheromone precursors, electrophysiological recordings from single receptor cells, and field trapping tests. Gland washes from virgin females contained these compounds at 3%, 10% and ...