Title of Dissertation: ESSAYS ON DEMOGRAPHIC ISSUES IN CHINA Xue Li, Doctor of Philosophy, 2011 Dissertation Directed By: Professor John Rust Department of Economics Chapter 1: Why Is the Sex Ratio Unbalanced in China? The Roles of the One-Child Policy, Underdeveloped Social Insurance, and Parental Expectations The sex ratio imbalance in China has reached such an alarming level that, by 2020, m...

T follicular helper cells (TFH) are critical for the development and maintenance of germinal center (GC) and humoral immune responses. During chronic HIV/SIV infection, TFH accumulate, possibly as a result of Ag persistence. The HIV/SIV-associated TFH expansion may also reflect lack of regulation by suppressive follicular regulatory CD4(+) T cells (TFR). TFR are natural regulatory T cells (TREG...

The aim of this study was to examine the capacity of the syncytiotrophoblast to regulate transferrin receptor (TfR) synthesis in response to modulations in maternal iron supply. The model used was the primary trophoblast cell culture. Trophoblast cells isolated from term human placentas were cultured in iron-poor (Medium 199), iron-depleted (desferrioxamine (DFO)) and iron-supplemented (diferri...

T he baby-boom of the 20th century was a unique and major demographic event. In France, after having steadily declined in the 1920s and 1930s, the period total fertility rate (box 1) suddenly rose between 1945 and 1947 (see figure 1). It remained high for about twenty years, and then, in 1964, it began to decline again, ending the baby-boom in France as well as in most industrialized countries....

We for the first time investigated the effect and mechanism of the total flavones of Rhododendron simsii Planch (TFR), a widely-used Chinese herb for a thousand years, on vasodilatation and hyperpolarization in middle cerebral artery (MCA) of rats subject to global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR). TFR (11~2700 mg/L) evoked dose-dependent vasodilation and hyperpolarization in MCA of both sha...

Volume 28, Number 3, September 2002 The subject of unsafe abortion figured prominently in the international conferences on reproductive health and rights that took place in Cairo in 1994 and in Beijing in 1995. Throughout Africa, where most countries have highly restrictive abortion laws and pregnancies are often terminated under unsafe conditions, clandestine abortion is a growing public healt...

BACKGROUND Estimating the total fertility rate is challenging for many developing countries because of limited data and varying data quality. A standardized, reproducible approach to produce estimates that include an uncertainty assessment is desired. METHODS We develop a method to estimate and assess uncertainty in the total fertility rate over time, based on multiple imperfect observations ...

MethodsUsing time series data of national level (1967 to 2012 years), we explored the association between total fertility rate, GDP per capita, number of physician per 1000 populations, female labor force participation rate, percentage of people living in rural regions and mean years schooling for each people with infant mortality rate of Iran. These data were obtained from Central Bank of Isla...