Individual based, stochastic forest patch models have the potential to realistically describe forest dynamics. However, they are mathematically intransparent and need long computing times. We simplified such a forest patch model by aggregating the individual trees on many patches to height-structured tree populations with theoretical random dispersions over the whole simulated forest area. The ...

In this paper, three novel designs of broadband patch antenna are proposed. The first design propose broadband slotted equilateral triangular patch antenna (ETPA) operating on frequency around 1800 MHz. The second design propose broadband slotted right angle isosceles triangular patch antenna RAITPA operating on frequency around 2400 MHz. The third design proposes wideband V-Slotted and shorted...

Sumatriptan delivered in an electric patch form applied to the skin was approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) in 2013 for the acute treatment of migraine. About 25 years ago, sumatriptan was the first drug in the medication class of triptans to be approved for the treatment of migraine. Sumatriptan already comes in a tablet, injectable form, nasal spray, and in at least 14 countries...

Marine protected areas are commonly seen as the most effective strategy for protecting mangroves from external human pressures but little is known about the role of public land-tenure contexts (dense settlements, agricultural or range lands and wild anthromes) on clearing rates, patch properties, and ecological condition. We addressed the following questions using a peri-urban to wild gradient ...

[1] The beds of steep streams are typically composed of relatively immobile boulders and more mobile patches of gravel and cobbles. Little is known about how variability in flow and sediment flux affect the area, thickness, composition, and grain mobility of sediment patches. To better understand patch dynamics, we measured flow, sediment transport, and bed properties in two steep channels. Pat...

Experimental control of patchy interactions promises new routes for the assembly of complex colloidal structures, but remains challenging. Here, we investigate the role of patch width in the assembly of patchy colloidal particles assembled by critical Casimir forces. The particles are composed of a hydrophobic dumbbell with an equatorial hydrophilic polymer shell, and are synthesized to have we...

In many incubating birds, heat transfer from parent to egg is facilitated by the brood patch, an area of ventral abdominal skin that becomes highly vascularised, swells and loses its down feathers around the time of laying. Only the female develops a brood patch in most passerine species, but males of some species can incubate and maintain the eggs at similar temperatures to females even withou...

It has been observed that stretching of the Image may damage the clarity in many Image Processing applications. Edge and Textures are among the most important features of an image. They have however very different characteristics, suggestions that they should be enhanced using different techniques. For edges, we propose a sobel techniques and finding the edge of all objects .For textures we hav...