The paper describes a transformational approach for the specification and formal verification of concurrent and real-time systems. At upper level, one system is specified using the timed process algebra RT-LOTOS. The output of the proposed transformation is a Time Petri net (TPN). The paper particularly shows how a TPN can be automatically constructed from an RT-LOTOS specification using a comp...

Total Parenteral Beslenme (TPN) oral veya enteral yoldan beslenemeyen hastalara uygulanmaktadır. beslenmenin en yaygın kullanıldığı bebek grubu prematüre bebeklerdir. bebeklerde ilk başarılı uygulamaları 1960’lı yıllarda yapılmıştır. Prematüre parenteral beslenme gereksinim duyulan karbonhidrat, protein, yağ, vitamin ve mineralleri karşılamalıdır. Bu grup doğumdan sonra glikoz, 12 saat içinde a...

Methods: Twenty-four newborn rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group receiving breast milk, TPN group receiving TPN at a dose of 200 kcal/kg per day, and SAMe group receiving TPN plus SAMe at an intravenous dose of 100 mg/kg per day. Blood and liver samples were collected one week later. The levels of serum bile acid, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatas...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Protein calorie malnutrition for cancer patients is related with altered cellular and humoral immunity. Standard TPN and glutamine and lipid emulsion with omega 3 fatty acids were given to colorectal cancer patients and the effects of these to neutrophil functions and IL-8 levels are compared. METHODS Consecutive 36 patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed with endoscopic...

Many applications of autonomous agents require groups to work in tight coordination. To be dependable, these groups must plan, carry out and adapt their activities in a way that is robust to failure and uncertainty. Previous work has produced contingent plan execution systems that provide robustness during their plan extraction phase, by choosing between functionally redundant methods, and duri...

Amin A. Nanji, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver V5Z1M9 (Canada) Dear Sir, Analytical and biologic variations in serum and urinary creatinine may account for up to 33% variability in creatinine clearance calculations [1]. We wish to report on the marked variability of creatinine clearance in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). 18 of 93 patien...

BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is associated with cognitive impairment and brain network dysconnectivity. Recent efforts have explored brain circuits underlying cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia and documented altered activation of large-scale brain networks, including the task-positive network (TPN) and the task-negative default mode network (DMN) in response to cognitive demands. However, to w...

BACKGROUND There are few reports on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and its possible prothrombotic effect. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for subclavian vein thrombosis (SVT) in patients receiving TPN. METHOD Cancer patients with indwelling subclavian catheters and TPN were followed in a cohort study. Doppler ultrasound examination was performed 8 and 30 days after ca...

It has been quite generally accepted that reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPNH) exceeds TPNf in most tissues by a factor of 10 or more, although DPNH is ordinarily much lower than DPN+. The reputed predominance of TPNH has stimulated widespread interest because of its role in lipid formation and in many other reductive synthetic processes (1). In studies from this laboratory (2, 3) data ...

Thermal washout curves have been proposed as noninvasive tools for analysing lower airway dimensions and pulmonary blood flow, but how upper airway heat transfer affects these washout curves is unclear. The present study was designed to compare extrathoracic and tracheobronchial contributions to thermal washout curves. Respiratory frequency, air ambient temperature, and body core temperature (t...