BACKGROUND To identify the microorganisms that can grow rapidly in total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solutions, we investigated the growth of the major causes of catheter-related blood stream infection (Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans) in TPN solutions without lipid. METHODS Experiment 1: A commercial TPN solution without lipid containing multi...

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is an artificial way to support daily nutritional requirements by bypassing the digestive system, but long-term TPN administration may cause severe liver dysfunction. Glycyrrhizin is an active component of licorice root that has been widely used to treat chronic hepatitis. The aim of this study is to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of glycyrrhizin on TPN...

to evaluate and predict component-based software security, a two-dimensional model of software security is proposed by stochastic petri net in this paper. in this approach, the software security is modeled by graphical presentation ability of petri nets, and the quantitative prediction is provided by the evaluation capability of stochastic petri net and the computing power of markov chain. each...

The existing modeling methods using Petri Nets‎, ‎have been successfully applied to model and analyze dynamic systems‎. ‎However‎, ‎these methods are not capable of modeling all dynamic systems such as systems with the current sample time signals‎, ‎systems including various subsystems and multi-mode systems‎. ‎This paper proposes Hybrid Time Delay Petri Nets (HTDPN) to solve the problem‎. ‎In ...

The photochemical reduction of triphosphopyridine nucleotide by isolated chloroplasts has been known since 1951 (see “Discussion”). The discovery of this photochemical reaction marked a significant advance in the biochemical analysis of the energy conversion process of photosynthesis because it established the first link between photon capture by chloroplast pigments and the reduction of a phys...

in this study fullerene functionalized using oleum (h2so4·so3), followed by the hydrolysis of the intermediate cyclosulfated fullerene as well as  an oxidizing agent was employed to functionalize the fullerenes. ruthenium was then added by the impregnation method or deposited on the functionalized fullerene. subsequent to this step, response surface methodology (rsm) was used to study the cumul...

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) impairs small intestine development and is associated with barrier failure, inflammation, and acidomucin goblet cell expansion in neonatal piglets. We examined the relationship between intestinal goblet cell expansion and molecular and cellular indices of inflammation in neonatal piglets receiving TPN, 80% parenteral + 20% enteral nutrition (PEN), or 100% entera...

OBJECTIVE To assess the difference between early enteral nutrition (EEN group) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN group) after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. METHOD The nutrition index, liver function, patient generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) score, the post-operation complications, the hospital stay and hospitalization expense of the postoperative patient after total g...

OBJECTIVE To determine how weight for gestational age affects urea and mineral excretion by preterm infants receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). STUDY DESIGN Daily urine samples were collected from all preterm infants given high calcium TPN, providing 30 kcal/g amino acids, during its first 44 months of use, and from all those given standard TPN, providing 25 kcal/g amino acids, over t...

BACKGROUND We undertook this study to test the hypothesis that perioperative total parenteral nutrition (TPN) decreases the incidence of serious complications after major abdominal or thoracic surgical procedures in malnourished patients. METHODS We studied 395 malnourished patients (99 percent of them male) who required laparotomy or noncardiac thoracotomy. They were randomly assigned to rec...