Studies on isolated tracheal airway smooth muscle (ASM) strips have shown that length/force fluctuations, similar to those likely occurring during breathing, will mitigate ASM contractility. These studies conjecture that, solely by reducing length oscillations on a healthy, intact airway, one can create airway hyperresponsiveness, but this has never been explicitly tested. The intact airway has...

Primary tracheal tumors are rare with the majority being malignant. Benign lesions are less frequent with primary tracheal schwannomas accounting for less than 0.5% of tracheal tumors. They are more common in females and their clinical presentation is non-specific. Chronic cough, progressive respiratory distress and even asthma-like conditions prevail as presenting symptoms and signs. Laryngotr...

background and objectives: responsiveness is one of the hallmarks of high performance health systems. maintaining the responsiveness of health organizations at high level, require constant assessment of its situation as perceived by the patients. the accumulation of data on patients’ perception of health organizations’ responsiveness can help policy-makers in developing effective relevant strat...

BACKGROUND Arginase overexpression contributes to airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma. Arginase expression is further augmented in cigarette smoking asthmatics, suggesting that it may be upregulated by environmental pollution. Thus, we hypothesize that arginase contributes to the exacerbation of respiratory symptoms following exposure to air pollution, and that pharmacologic inhibition ...

Tracheal stenosis in association with the double aortic arch (DAA) is uncommon; however, it carries a high risk of morbidity, mortality, and restenosis. Although surgery is the mainstay of managing a case of the DAA with tracheal stenosis, management of tracheal restenosis requires a multidisciplinary approach. In this case report, we present our successful experience in managing a child of DAA...

OBJECTIVES Pulmonary artery sling (PA sling) is frequently associated with tracheal and/or bronchial stenosis. Most PA sling patients receive left pulmonary artery (LPA) re-implantation and tracheoplasty under the cardiopulmonary bypass, but the postoperative complications of tracheoplasty remain a great challenge. In this study, we reviewed 14 PA sling children who received surgery in our hosp...

Background: Primary tracheal tumors are very rare, surgical treatment is the first choice, and extent of resection anastomosis determined by location, shape size pathological result tumor. With rapid development minimally invasive techniques instruments in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, but surgery usually considered to be most challenging complex thoracic which requires not only extraor...

background : health systems search for ways of making their services more responsive to patients and the public the new framework of the world health organization (who) for assessment of health system performance has determined health, responsiveness and fairness of financing as the main goals. this study aimed to compare patients’ and nurses’ view points about responsiveness among a sample of ...

We studied prospectively the effects of the technique of tracheal extubation on arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) in 120 ASA I-III children, mean age 5.3 (range 0.25-16.9) yr. At completion of surgery, tracheal extubation was performed when spontaneous ventilation had resumed, children were fully awake and SpO2 was 99-100%. Children were allocated randomly to receive a single lung i...

Cancer complicates approximately 0.1% of all pregnancies. Primary tracheal carcinoma is one of very rarely seen tumors and the rate of its being seen makes up approximately % 0.2 of all tumors of respiratory tract. The patient, 28 years old, who has 28-weeks-pregnant, was diagnosed with primary tracheal adenocystic carcinoma. Patient was made operation as thoracotomy and tracheal tumor was remo...