PURPOSE To assess the safety of transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) and explore its efficacy in various subjective and objective parameters of visual function in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). METHODS Twenty-four patients in this prospective, randomized, partially blinded, good-clinical-practice study underwent TES (5-ms biphasic pulses; 20 Hz; DTL electrodes) 30 minutes per w...

Abstract Introduction Sleep disruption, and in particular decreased NREM stage N3 sleep, has been implicated cognition pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Several recent findings suggest that enhancing sleep may mitigate impairments due to chronic disruption. However, approaches such as transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) have limited by discomfort, awakenings, lack blinding. In res...

BACKGROUND Classically, studies adopting non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation have placed greater importance on the position of the primary "stimulating" electrode than the secondary "reference" electrode. However, recent current density modeling suggests that ascribing a neutral role to the reference electrode may prove an inappropriate oversimplification. HYPOTHESIS We set out t...

objective: obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) is one of the greatest and debilitating disorders, which many of its patients do not respond to psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. in this regard, paying attention to new treatments such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) is important. the purpose of the present research was to examine the effects of tdcs on the obsession-compulsion ...

introduction: considering the antiepileptogenic effects of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms), the effect of rtms applied during amygdala kindling on spontaneous activity of hippocampal ca1 pyramidal neurons was investigated. materials and methods: a tripolar electrode was inserted in basolateral amygdala of male wistar rats. after a recovery period, animals received daily kindli...

In this issue of the Journal, Brunoni and colleagues report on transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) in the treatment of major depression.1 This technique, which delivers weak electrical direct current to the scalp to modulate brain function, is one of a growing number of noninvasive brain stimulation interventions that change brain function and offer an opportunity to study brain–beha...

Transcranial magnetic (TMS) and electrical (TES) stimulation was used to assess the contribution of the corticospinal pathway to activation of the first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI) in each hand of 16 right-handed subjects. TMS was applied at relaxed threshold intensity while the subject performed isometric index finger abduction at seven force levels [0.5 N to 50% maximal voluntary contrac...