Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied over the occipital pole can suppress visual perception. Since its first description in 1989 by Amassian et al., this technique has widely been used to investigate visual processing at the cortical level. This article presents a review of experiments masking visual stimuli by TMS. The psychophysical characterization of TMS masking, the dependence o...

The underlying mechanisms of action of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are still a matter of debate. TMS may impair a subject's performance by increasing neural noise, suppressing the neural signal, or both. Here, we delivered a single pulse of TMS (spTMS) to V5/MT during a motion direction discrimination task while concurrently manipulating the level of noise in the motion stimulus. Ou...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be conceptualized as a virtual lesion technique, capable of disrupting organized cortical activity, transiently and reversibly. The technique combines good spatial and temporal resolution and, moreover, because it represents an interference technique, can be said to have excellent functional resolution. The following is a review and discussion of the ...

Abstract In individuals who lack sight, especially since birth, the visual cortex can be activated by various external inputs, spanning from different modalities and across cognitive tasks1,2. While this functional adaptation (i.e., crossmodal plasticity) hints at modifications in electrophysiological characteristics of occipital area, its significance remains unclear. To investigate these chan...

This paper provides a theoretical assessment of the safety considerations encountered in the simultaneous use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and neurological interventions involving implanted metallic electrodes, such as electrocorticography. Metal implants are subject to magnetic forces due to fast alternating magnetic fields produced by the TMS coil. The question of whether the me...

The facial nerve can be stimulated in its intracranial course through transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We studied the site of impulse generation produced by TMS by comparing the latencies of the muscle evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited with TMS and intracranial electrical stimulation (IES) of the facial nerve during neurosurgical posterior fossa procedures. In a series of 25 patients, t...

Testing the therapeutic potential of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in controlled trials requires a valid sham condition. Sham TMS is typically administered by tilting the coil 45--90 degrees off the scalp, with one or two wings of the coil touching the scalp. Lack of cortical effects has not been verified. We compared sham manipulations in their thresholds for eliciting motor-evoked p...

Cerebellar patients have been found to show deficits in visual motion discrimination, suggesting that the cerebellum may play a role in visual sensory processing beyond mediating motor control. Here we show that triple-pulse online transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over cerebellar vermis but not over the cerebellar hemispheres significantly impaired motion discrimination. Critically, the ...

BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows noninvasive stimulation of neurons using time-varying magnetic fields. Researchers have begun combining TMS with functional imaging to simultaneously stimulate and image brain activity. Recently, the feasibility of interleaving TMS with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was demonstrated. This study tests this new method to det...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique that uses fields to stimulate neurons in the cerebral cortex.While electricity has previously been intended be used medical field, history of TMS dates back discovery electromagnetic induction by Faraday 19th century. However, it was not until 1980s when Anthony Barker developed first device at University Sheffield.TMS works mea...