Soybean meal (SBM), a commonly used protein source for animal feed, contains anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitor, phytate, oligosaccharides among others, which limit its utilization. Microbial fermentation using bacteria or fungi has the capability to improve nutritional value of SBM by altering the native composition. Both submerged and solid state fermentation processes can be ...

A trial with twenty-four newly weaned Awassi lambs (initial body weight=21.5±0.8 kg) was conducted using a 3×2 factorial design to study the effect of feeding three sources of protein supplements (soybean meal (SBM), sunflower seed meal (SSM), and cottonseed meal (CSM)), either untreated or formaldehyde-treated on the growth performance and carcass traits of Awassi lambs. Lambs were randomly as...

Lemna protein concentrate (LPC; 68.0% CP) is produced by extracting protein from de-oiled and dehydrated biomaterials from plants of the Lemnaceae family and may be used as a protein source for animals. There are, however, no published data on the nutritional value of LPC fed to pigs. Three experiments were, therefore, conducted to determine the concentration of ME, the standardized total tract...

This paper proposes a novel meshless boundary method called the singular boundary method (SBM). This method is mathematically simple, easy-to-program, and truly meshless. Like the method of fundamental solutions (MFS), the SBM employs the singular fundamental solution of the governing equation of interest as the interpolation basis function. However, unlike the MFS, the source and collocation p...

Intestinal inflammation, caused by impaired intestinal homeostasis, is a serious condition in both animals and humans. The use of conventional extracted soybean meal (SBM) in diets for Atlantic salmon and several other fish species is known to induce enteropathy in the distal intestine, a condition often referred to as SBM induced enteropathy (SBMIE). In the present study, we investigated the p...

OBJECTIVE This study assessed the correlation between compliance with set performance standards and maternal and neonatal deaths in health facilities. DESIGN Baseline and three annual follow-up assessments were conducted, and each was followed by a quality improvement initiative using the Standards Based Management and Recognition (SBM-R) approach. SETTING Twenty-three secondary health faci...

ranking of critical inputs was, for diet 1, SBM kd (r=-0.5), CS A fraction (r=-0.34), and dried corn kd (r=-0.25), for diet 2, SBM kd (r=-0.55), grass hay CP (r=0.32), and dried corn kd (r=-0.31). For the CNCPS, the ranking was, for diet 1, SBM kd of B2 pool (r=-0.5), dried corn kd (r=-0.26), and WB CP (r=0.26), for diet 2, SBM kd (r=-0.52), grass hay CP (r=0.36), and dried corn kd (r=-0.35). O...

An experiment was conducted to determine the apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal digestibility of CP and AA in weanling pigs of 4 soybean products, fish meal, and casein. The 4 soybean products were conventional dehulled soybean meal (SBM), soy protein isolate (SPI), fermented soybean meal (FSBM), and enzyme-treated soybean meal (ESBM). Seven weanling barrows (initial BW: 10.9 +/- 2.3 k...

BACKGROUND Propionate is widely used as an important preservative and important chemical intermediate for synthesis of cellulose fibers, herbicides, perfumes and pharmaceuticals. Biosynthetic propionate has mainly been produced by Propionibacterium, which has various limitations for industrial application. RESULTS In this study, we engineered E. coli by combining reduced TCA cycle with the na...

This research aimed to increase functional value of broiler-chicken meat containing high antioxidant and low cholesterol through substitution of soybean meal (SBM) with Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal (ILM). The experiment used 160 day old broiler chicken (Cobb strain). The experimental chicken were provided dietary treatments when they were 15-days old (initial body weight of 460.5±1.56...