The main purpose of this paper is to determine the fine spectrum of the generalized upper triangular double-band matrices uv over the sequence spaces c0 and c. These results are more general than the spectrum of upper triangular double-band matrices of Karakaya and Altun[V. Karakaya, M. Altun, Fine spectra of upper triangular doubleband matrices, Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics...

We analyze the space of geometrically continuous piecewise polynomial functions or splines for quadrangular and triangular patches with arbitrary topology and general rational transition maps. To define these spaces of G spline functions, we introduce the concept of topological surface with gluing data attached to the edges shared by faces. The framework does not require manifold constructions ...

Grid cells in the entorhinal cortex fire when animals that are exploring a certain region of space occupy the vertices of a triangular grid that spans the environment. Different neurons feature triangular grids that differ in their properties of periodicity, orientation, and ellipticity. Taken together, these grids allow the animal to maintain an internal, mental representation of physical spac...

AIM The aim of this report is to present the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment planning strategy in the presence of an open gingival embrasure between the maxillary central incisors. BACKGROUND The open gingival embrasure or "black triangle" is a visible triangular space in the cervical region of the maxillary incisors. It appears when the gingival papilla does not completely fill in the int...

Introduction: It has been shown that complex averaging benefits diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) by reducing the influence of the noise bias in the ADC and DTI (1). Magnitude averaging in DWI is traditionally used to combine multi-directional and multiNEX diffusion data – to avoid the complication of random phase offsets, due to motion that occurs during the DW gradients. However, magnitude ave...

Building upon the application of flags to network coding introduced in [6], we develop a variant this technique that uses degenerate flags. The information set is metric affine space isometric upper triangular matrices endowed with flag rank metric. This suggests development theory for codes analogy used linear subspace coding.